944 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
the galls were situated in the axils of the leaf, and not on the 
petiole.” (Proc. Ent. Soc. Lond.: reported Zool. 4567.) 
It is further reported, at p. 4571 of the ‘ Zoologist’ (dated, 
December, 1854), that at the following meeting Mr. Jordan 
stated that he had known these galls for twenty years, and 
that a medical man at Lympstone, near Exmouth, “ used 
them always to make his ink, and tried to impress upon the 
country people the use that might spring from making them 
an article, so to speak, of exportation.” The pecuniary 
advantage of exporting these galls, at a time when we were 
importing the Aleppo galls for the very purpose of ink- 
making, does not seem very obvious. Still the project of 
utilizing the galls in the manufacture of ink was praise- 
worthy, but it was doomed to undergo a decided discourage- 
ment from the careful analysis of Dr. Hart Vinen (reported 
Zool. 5025), from which it appears that these galls contained 
but 17 per cent. of tannin, whereas the Aleppo galis, the 
well-known ink-gall of commerce, contained 56 per cent. 
“ Dr. Vinen,” commenting on this great disparity, “ thinks it 
possibly in some degree attributable to the fact that whereas 
all the Aleppo galls were entire, those from Devonshire were 
all perforated by the Cynips in escaping: it was a well-known 
fact that a sample of the galls of commerce were depreciated 
in value by the presence of any that were perforated. 
Dr. Vinen, however, wished to call the attention of the 
Society (the Linnean) to the extraordinary discrepancy 
existing between the various published analyses of the 
Aleppo galls, which was greater even than that between his 
own analyses of the Devonshire and Aleppo galls: Sir 
Humphrey Davy’s analysis yielded 26 per cent. of tannin; 
Pelour’s, 40; Leconnet’s, 60; Guibourt’s, 65; Mohr’s, 72; 
and Buchner’s, 77.” I assume that tannin is the element 
required in ink-manufacture, and, this being so, it is most 
desirable that experiments, for testing the amount of this 
element, should be made on galls in a precisely similar 
condition as to age and maturity. Iam uncertain whether 
this vegetable dye is still a necessity in the manufacture of 
ink, or whether minerals have not superseded its use. Con- 
tinuing the English history of this species, we find that at a 
meeting of the Entomological Society in February, 1855, 
Mr. Stainton read a letter on the subject, without giving the 
