THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 269 
legs:* the thoracic legs had gray rings at the base; the 
abdominal legs were moderately large, becoming smaller 
towards the tail; but the last pair in these young larve was 
only to be detected with difficulty. 
On the 14th of June the largest larva had grown to the 
length of a centimetre (fig. 3); figs. 4 and 6 represent it 
somewhat magnified. The colour of the little animal, which 
was very viscid, was a sordid yellow, in which the dark 
green intestine showed out distinctly. When viewed from 
above, the head appears of a purplish tint, and at the same 
time one seems to see an indication of two legs on either side, 
in consequence of the transparency of the skin at the side of 
the anterior segments. Looked at from the front, while it 
feeds, the larva has the appearance of fig. 6: it moves its 
head right and left for the purpose of eating, and looks then 
something like a grazing cow lying on its belly. The head 
is nut-brown, flat anteriorly, and covered for a great part by 
the skin of the Ist segment; the vertex is blackish, and, as 
the skin by which it is covered is yellowish, it shows through 
purple, according to the law of complementary colours. The 
eyes are in oval black spots at the sides; the horns, or 
feelers, below the eyes, are pretty long. The first pair of legs 
is of a yellowish colour; the second and third gray, with 
white rings; the claws were placed at right angles on the last 
joint of the tarsi. 
The beautiful appearance of the white air-tubes, which 
could be seen through the skin, was very remarkable: this 
was specially visible in the last two segments, when the 
branching of the trachee appeared, as represented at fig. 5, 
somewhat more highly magnified. When they were not 
feeding they bent the head forward, nearly flat against the 
surface of the leaf, which almost entirely deprived them of the 
appearance of living animals. No trace of hair was to be 
seen ; and in the examples which came under my observation 
I could perceive nothing of the stellate brown hairs, which — 
Ratzeburg states that he observed in the case of a single 
individual of the autumn brood. The larve crept into the 
ground to undergo their change; and I am unaware whether 
they made cocoons or not. 
* T may here mention that the brown caterpillar of 8. ethiops, which, 
according to Réeaumur, De Geer, and Hartig, has twenty legs, has in like 
manner twenty-two, but often retracts one or two pairs under the skin. 
