PREFACE. xix 
increased, and other editors were added. Amongst his papers in 
the ‘ Field,’ those on economic entomology are of the greatest 
value ; and there can be no doubt that it will be long before his 
*‘life-histories’’ are superseded. Amongst the master-pieces 
are those of the goat-moth; gooseberry grub; turnip grub; 
daddy-longlegs ; and pear-tree slug: these valuable contributions 
were continued to within a month of his death, as a column and 
a half of the ‘Field’ for May 18th, 1876, is taken up with his 
* Life-history of the Sandfly, or Simulium.’’ He wrote of these 
papers :—‘‘ My object in penning these notes is to bring the 
creature face to face to face with his victims; for unless we 
know our enemy—his appearance, his ways, and his where- 
| abouts—all our attemps to compass his destruction must be 
futile.” Before his time it was usual to consider all insects 
. found on plants as ‘blight,’ and to purchase some proffered 
; nostrum in order to destroy them. No one seemed to consider 
it possible that some insects might be useful, seeing that others 
were so obviously hurtful. The articles on the inmates of 
the Crystal Palace Aquarium—popularly written, yet full of 
information—are also worthy of considerable attention. 
From 1858 to 1861 Mr. Newman was engaged on a series 
of articles in ‘ Young England’ on Insects and Birds. At the 
same period he acted as Natural-History Editor of the ‘ Friend’ 
for about two years, writing a column or two in each month's 
issue of that newspaper. 
In March, 1861, Mr. Newman had the gratification of receiving 
a Testimonial—consisting of scientific books—from about seventy 
gentlemen, in “high appreciation of services rendered in the 
promotion and diffusion of scientific knowledge.” Mr. Newman 
had very properly refused to allow his own journal to be used as_ 
& means for advertising the testimonial to himself, and by this 
action many were led to believe that the project was distasteful, 
and held aloof. The books, however, besides being of great use 
and pleasure to the recipient of the testimonial, were highly 
“appreciated by his Friday-night visitors. A full history of the 
transaction will be found in the ‘ Zoologist’ for 1861 (Zool. 
p. 7457), but modesty seems to have prevented it being indexed. 
‘Mr. Newman's writings had of late years assumed a more 
ithological complexion ; and in 1861 his small work, entitled 
