110 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
the antenne have a stout club, which either tapers rapidly or 
is devoid of a crook; the hind wings are usually horizontal 
in rest; the eggs are smooth, usually broader than high ; and 
the larve “feed on Graminee, and generally construct 
vertical nests among the blades.” 
The eggs of the Castnians are, so far as I am aware, 
unknown and undescribed. In both butterflies and moths 
they present an infinite variety in form, in sculpture, and in 
the manner in which they are laid. As a rule, however, those 
of the larger moths are either ovoid, spherical, or flattened, and 
rarely subconical or sculptured ; while those of butterfles are 
more often conical, and present greater variety in form and 
sculpture. The eggs of Hesperians are subconical, and those 
of the Astyci, as we have just seen, in being smooth and 
broader than high, agree exactly with those of Yucce. 
The larve of the Castnians are, according to Boisduval, 
endophytous, boring the stems and roots of Orchids and other 
plants, like the Sesians and Hepialians, and like Yucce. 
But they are ornamented with the ordinary horny piliferous 
spots or warts which characterize Heterocerous larve, and 
have a horny anal plate. Butterfly larva, on the contrary, 
rarely possess these warts, but frequently have the body 
uniformly beset superiorly with close-shorn bristles as in 
Yuccz, such bristles generally springing from minute papille. 
The newly-hatched larve of the two divisions approach each 
other more nearly in general appearance, as all animals do, 
the farther we go back to the commencement of individual 
life; but though the newly-hatched larva of Yucce bears a 
general resemblance to the same stage in many endophytous 
Heterocerous larve (e.g. Xyleutes Cossus), yet in the stiff 
hairs springing from the general surface, or from very minute 
points, instead of from distinct tubercles, it agrees with the 
Rhopalocera. The legs, both false and true, together with 
their armature and the trophi, are so extremely variable in 
both divisions that comparisons can hardly be instituted. 
The endopbytous habit, though very exceptional, is found in 
butterflies (e.g. Thecla Isocrates, Fubr.: see Westwood’s 
Intr., ii., p. 869). None of the Heterocerous borers, so far as 
my experience goes, line their burrows continuously with a 
matting of silk ; but use the silk very sparingly, or not at all, 
till about ready to pupate. The larva of Yucca, for the most 
