SUGAR 



181 



extraction from the cane of a percentage of sugar equal to that 

 obtained in Hawai, Cuba, Java, etc." To me it seemed that there is 

 plenty of scope for the work of many botanists. Contrary to what I 

 saw in India sugar canes are allowed to flower in Brazil. 



There have been a great many violent fluctuations in the export 

 of sugar from Brazil, the last impetus to the trade was given during 

 the War. At the Ijeginning of the twentieth century the exports 

 moved between 300,000 and 350,000 tons, then they fell off to 

 200,000, and since then were as follows : 



SUGAR EXPORTS 



The Government has recently erected experimental stations and 

 in 1905 the industrials combined and decided, with a view to keeping 

 up the sugar prices in Brazil, to " dump " the surplus to England, 

 of Mdiich advantage this country availed itself to a considerable extent. 

 Whilst in the period from 1901 to 1905 England took only 16-7 per 

 cent, and the U.S.A. 82-7 per cent., England's share rose to 57-2 per 

 cent, in 1906, whilst the U.S.A. covered their requirements more and 

 more in Cuba, reducing their imports from Brazil to 35-8 per cent, of 

 the total sugar exports. 



The total production of sugar in Brazil is about 540,000 tons, 

 which shows that large quantities are consumed in the country, which 

 is accounted for by the frequein, partaking of coffee, for in each cup 

 the Brazilian puts from 3 to 6 spoonfuls of sugar. A good deal of 

 sugar is used in the fruit preserving industry, which has a great future ; 

 the jellies and marmalades, amongst which the " goiabada de Pes- 

 queira " enjoys the highest reputation in Brazil, are likely to become 

 of world repute. 



