192 BRAZILIAN COTTON 



D. — Manganese mining. — Tliere are several raines in active ex- 

 pl(.'itation in the municipalities of Ouro Preto and Queluz, in the State 

 of Minas Geraes. These mines have yielded during several years past, 

 an annual mean production of about 200,000 tons. Another centre 

 of production is the municipality of Nazareth, in the State of Bahia ; 

 but this work is stopped at present. During the period in which these 

 mines were worked, the yield was several score of thousands of tons 

 per annum. 



E. — Iron mining. — The enorm()Us beds of first-class iron, which 

 exist in the central part of Minas Geraes, in the districts of Ouro 

 Preto, Sahara, Itabira do Matto Dentro and others, have given rise 

 to a number of gigantic projects of mining on a grand scale, both for 

 the production of iron in the country and for the exportation of the 

 ore, but up to the present, none of them have begun operations, and 

 actual mining is confined to the Esperanga Works, near the city of 

 Itabira do Campo, which produces a few score of tons per day. 



F. — Copper mining. — Beds of copper are known in the States of 

 Rio Grande do Sul, Bahia and Maranhao, but only in the first of these 

 States have attemjrts been made to exploit them on a small scale. 

 It appears that even these have been discontinued, as no shipping is 

 recorded for 1912 through the port of Rio Grande. 



G. — Monazitic Sand mining. — The extraction of monazitic sand 

 is at present confined to the original beds of maritime origin hang 

 along the coast from the State of Bahia to the north of Rio de Janeiro. 

 The mining of river beds at several places in the interior has been 

 discontinued for some years. The exporta,tion in 1912 through the 

 ports of Bahia, Victoria and Rio de Janeiro, was 3,398 tons, at the 

 official value of 965 contos and a half (gold) (536,350 dollars). 



a.— -Coal mining. — This is confined to one single miiie, situated 

 in the municipality of Sao Jeronymo, in the State of Rio Grande do 

 Sul, which, for a number of years, has yielded an annual production 

 of several thousand tons. 



I. — Mining of Precious Stones. — Yellow topazes are mined in the 

 district of Ouro Preto, in the State of Minas Geraes ; white, green 

 and blue topazes, aquamarines and turmalines, in the district of 

 Theophilo Ottoni and neighbouring ones, in the eastern part of the 

 State. The official exportation for 1912 was estimated at 133 contos 

 956 milreis in gold (74,420 dollars). 



J. — Agate mining. — This is carried on at several places in the 

 State of Rio Grande do Sul. The exportation, in 1914, was 103 tons, 

 valued at 82 contos 198 milreis about (45,660 dollars). 



K. — Mining of Roch Crystal. — This is confined to the district of 

 the Serra dos Crystaes, in the State of Goyaz. The exportation, in 

 1912, was 45 tons, estimated at 56 contos 368 milreis in gold (31,315). 



