F. Pitt 2»7 



panied by those for red eyes and "dirty" nose. 52 beasts gave the 

 following figures : 



Exeeggive White. 

 Pale Brown Claret 



11 41 



1 WW : 10 NN or NW 2 WW : 39 NN or NW 



Dark Neck. 

 Pale Brown Claret 



11 41 



3 DD or DN : 8 NN 8 DD or DN : 33 NN 



" Dirty " Nose. 

 Pale Brown Claret 



11 41 



Summary: Coat colour in Hereford cattle is controlled by two pigment 

 factors, "B" for the pale brown coat, which is dominant over "C," the 

 darkest shade, which is a deep rich purple or claret. Intermediate 

 tints are probably attributable to the heterozygous condition, but further 

 evidence is wanted on this point. The factors for coat colour segregate 

 independently of those controlling the distribution of pigment on the 

 body, but there appears to be some association between the G factor 

 and those for red eyes and the " dirty " nose. It is undoubtedly 

 significant that more than a third of the dark-coated beasts should have 

 pigmented noses, while the proportion in the pale brown cattle is 1 : 4*50. 



4. Notes on the History of Hereford Cattle with Reference 

 TO THEIR Markings and Variations. 



Writing in 1627 Speed said that no "place in England yieldeth 

 more or better conditioned cattle than Herefordshire" (1). In 1788 we 

 find the colour of the animals was " a middle red with a bald face " (2) 

 showing that the type as now established was even then common. By 

 1804 "the prevailing colour" was "a reddish brown with white face" 

 (3). Other types prevalent at that time were " whites " — really pale 



