OF LANCASTER COUNTY. 377 



neries, 2 Fulling mills, 11 Grist mills, 11 Saw mills, :3 Clover mills ami a small Woollen 

 Factory. 



Real and Personal Estate, $444,590; Ccmnnon Seliools. 7. The P. 0. arc: Kirk's 

 Mills, Little Britain, Oak Hill, Oak Shade and Wrijilitsdale. The villages are: Asli- 

 ville. Bethel, Eastland, Elim, Kimseyville. Pike'. s Peak, Pine Grove ami Sprinfj Hill. 

 The following minerals are ascertained to be found in this township: 



Octahedral magnetic oxide of iron, on the Serpentine ridge, on Joel Jackson's 

 farm. 



Massive and crystalized ferruginous oxide of chrome, or chromate of iron, occurs on 

 a minor ridge of Serpentine, about a mile north of the main Serpentine ridge, being 

 about two miles west of the southern western point of Chester county, on the proi)ertv 

 of McKim, Sims & Co., of Baltimore, adjoining Joel Jack.son's farm. The disin- 

 tegrated crystals of chromate of iron, are found coating the cavities of all the ravines 

 made in the sides of the hill, and indicate the existence of this valuable material in 

 quantity. 



jMagnesite. An extensive locality of this valuable mineral occur.s, fomiing veins in 

 the Serpentine of considerable thickness, same locality, and is extensively quarried and 

 manufactured by Messrs. McKim, Sims & Co., of Baltimore, into sulphate of magne- 

 sia, (epsom salts.) These gentlemen have succeeded in making a purer salt at a nuich 

 less price than it can be imported, which has entirely excluded importation; and the 

 United States are now almost entirely supplied from this establishment. Four lumdred 

 or five hundred tons of magnesite, have been o]>tained from this locality, and Messrs. 

 McK. & S. manufacture 1,500,000 lbs. of Ei)som .salts annually. 



Actynolite, in green compressed crystals, in talc, Serjientine ridge, on Joel Jackson's 

 fann. 



Noble Serpentine, with delicate veins of amianthus, Serpentine ridge, on Joel Jack- 

 son's fann. 



Chalcedony. An interesting locality of this mineral occurs near the magnesite above 

 described, about one and a half miles distant from the celebrated locality at Bock 

 Springs, and near the locality of magnesite and chromate of iron. 



Makheim. — Bounded N. by Warwick, E. by Upper Leacock and E. Lampeter, S. by 

 Lancaster city and township, W. by East Hempfield. Surface, rt)lling: soil, limestone and 

 clay. Area, 16,666 acres; Population in 1860, 2510; Taxables, 6"-27; value of Real and 

 Personal Property, |1, 656.679. It contains 5 Grist and 5 Saw Mills, 2 Distilleries. 11 

 Hotels, 4 Stores and 13 Common Schools. The Little Conestoga tiows in a Southerly 

 course along the Western, and the Conestoga in a S. W. direction along the Eastern 

 boundaries of the township. The Pennsylvania R. R. crosses the Southernmost ex- 

 tremity, and after passing through Lanca.ster city, traverses the S. W. pail of the town- 

 ship, forming a bifurcation at Dillerville. P. 0. at Binkley's Biidge. Landis Valley, 

 Manheim, Neffsville and Oregon. 



Maxok. — Bounded N. by East and West Hempfield, E. by Lancaster and Conestoga, 

 W. and S. W. by the Susquehannah river; centrally distant from the city of Lancaster 

 6 miles S. W. ; greatest length and greatest breadth, about 8 miles. The Conestoga 

 river forms the S. E. boundarj-, receiving from the township, the Little Conestoga, and 

 its W. branch. Surface, hilly and rolling; soil, limestone; Area. 25,700 acres; Popula- 

 tion in 1860, 4,619; Taxables, 1,187; value of Real and Personal Property. ^2.020.709. 

 It contains 14 Grist and 4 Saw Mills, 3 Distilleries, 8 Hotels, 5 Stores and 21 Connnon 

 Schools. This township contains the borough of Washington on the Sustiuelianna 

 River, the village of Millersville, where is located the State Normal School, and the 

 most interesting historical locality in the County, the famous Indian town of Conestogo, 

 about 7 miles distant from Lancaster City. Not a vestige of its Indian character re- 

 mains, but the early annals of the county, preserved in this volume, assign to it a 

 prominence altogether uni.iue. The first massacre of the Conestogo Indians took place 



