CONSTITUTION OF 1790. 115 



therewith for any term, not exceeding five years after the county shall 

 have been erected. 



Section IV. All commissions shall be in the name and by the author- 

 ity of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and be sealed wich the State 

 seal, and signed by the Governor. 



Section V. The State Treasurer shall be appointed, annually, by tho 

 joint vote of the members of both Houses. All other officers in the 

 Treasury department, attornies at law, election officers, officers relating 

 to taxes, to the poor and highways, constables, and other Township 

 officers, shall be appointed in such manner as is or shall be directed 

 by law. 



ARTICLE VII. 



Section 1. The legislature shall, as soon as conveniently may be, 

 provide, by law, for the establishment of Schools throughout the State, 

 in such manner that the poor may be taught gratis. 



Section II. The arts and sciences shall be promoted in one or more 

 seminaries of learning. 



Section III. The rights, privileges, immunities and estates of religious 

 societies and corporate bodies shall remain, as if the constitution of this 

 State had not been altered or amended. 



ARTICLE VIII. 



Members of the General Assembly and all officers Executive and Judi- 

 cial, shall be bound, by oath or affirmation, to support the constitution 

 of this Commonwealth, and to perform the duties of their respective 

 offices with fidelity. 



ARTICLE IX. 



That the general, great and essential Principles of Liberty and free 

 Government may be recognized and unalterably established, 



WE DECLARE. 



Section I. That all men are born equally free and independent, and 

 have certain inherent and indefeasible rights, among which are those of 

 enjoying and defending life and liberty, of acquiring, possessing, and pro- 

 tecting property and reputation, and of pursuing their own happiness. 



Section II. That all power is inherent in the people, and all free gov- 

 ernments are founded on their authority, and instituted for their peace, 

 safety and happiness : For the advancement of those ends they have, at 

 all times, an unalienable and indefeasible right to alter, reform or abolish 

 their government, in such manner as they may think proper. 



Section III. That all men have a natural and indefeasible right to 



