CONSTITUTION OF 1790. 117 



in jeopardy of life or limb ; nor shall any man's property be taken or 

 applied to public use without the consent of his representatives, and 

 without just compensation being made. 



Section XI. That all courts shall be open, and every man, for an 

 injury done him in his lands, goods, person or reputation, shall have 

 remedy by the due course of law, and right and Justice admiuistred, 

 without sale, denial or delay. Suits may be brought against the com- 

 monwealth in such manner, in such courts and in such cases as the leg- 

 islature may by law direct. 



Section XII. That no power of suspending laws shall be exercised, 

 unless by the legislature, or its authority. 



Section XIII. That excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive 

 fines imposed, nor cruel punishments inflicted. 



Sect on XIY. That all prisoners shall be bailable by sufHcient sureties, 

 unless for capital offences when the proof is evident or presumption 

 great, and the privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be sus- 

 pended, unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety 

 may require it. 



Section XV. That no commissioner of Oyer and Terminer or Goal 

 delivery shall be issued. 



Section XVI. That the person of a debtor, where there is not strong 

 presumption of fraud, shall not be continued in Prison, after delivering 

 up his estate for the benefit of his creditors, in such manner as shall be 

 prescribed by law. 



Section XVII. That no ex post facto law, nor any law impairing 

 contracts, shall be made. 



Section XVIII. That no person shall be attainted of treason or felony 

 by the legislature. 



Section XIX. That no attainder shall work corruption of blood, nor, 

 except during the life of the offender, forfeiture of estate to the common- 

 wealth ; that the estates of such persons as shall destroy their own lives 

 shall descend or vest as in case of natural death ; and if any person shall 

 be killed by casuality, there shall be no forfeiture by reason thereof 



Section XX. That the citizens have right, in a peaceable manner, to 

 assemble together for their common good, and to apply to those invested 

 Avith the powers of government for redress of grievances, or other proper 

 purposes, by petition, address or remonstrance. 



Section XXI. That the right of citizens to bear arms, in defence of 

 themselves and the State, shall not be questioned. 



Section XXII. That no standing army shall, in time of peace, be 

 kept up without the consent of the legislature; and the military shall, in 

 all cases, and at all times, be in strict subordination to the civil power. 



Section XXIII. That no soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered 



