PLATE V. WATERING SHIP IN THE PACK-ICE. 



FIG. 1 (Map A). From a photograph by R. W. SKELTON (S. 98, 5"x4" plate), 

 Feb. 21, 1904. Watering ship in Wood Bay. 



FIG. 2 (Map A). From a photograph by R. W. SKELTON (Sk. 84, ^-plate), Jan. 

 31, 1902; taken at the eastern limit of the 'Discovery's' cruise off King 

 Edward VII. 's Land, while watering ship. 



Sea-ice, quite recently broken up, is here shown in Fig. 1, with the edges still 

 undisturbed. As such ice drifts into the open sea, the constant collision of each 

 piece with its neighbour produces a lip or low wall around its edge, a condition of 

 floe well seen in Plate XXXI. 



In Fig. 2 a floe of a different character is seen ; one, namely, which has been 

 subjected to some considerable disturbance and pressure, with blocks and 

 irregularities partly worn away by weather, and in part concealed by snow 

 drift. 



In each of these cases, and in every case where the ship's supply of fresh 

 water was procured at sea, the hard snow deposited on the surface of the sea-ice 

 was used. It was found to be sufficiently free from salt, not only for the ship's 

 boilers, but also for washing and drinking purposes. Solid land or glacier ice, 

 wherever procurable, is, however, to be preferred, from motives of economy, since 

 both the time and fuel required for melting it is considerably less. 



