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PLATE LXI. EMPEROE PENGUINS. 



FIG. 1. From a photograph by C. R. ROYDS (R. .n, 5" x 4" Him), Oct. 18, 1902 ; 

 an adult Emperor Penguin, with the commencement of the Great Barrier 

 ice-cliffs in the distance. 



FIG. 2. From a photograph by C. R. ROYDS (R. as, 5" x 4" film), Oct. 18, 1902 ; 

 group of adult Emperor Penguins tobogganing on sea-ice, with the Great 

 Barrier ice-cliff in the distance. 



The Emperor Penguin moves either in a very slow and stately manner 

 by walking bolt upright, or more rapidly, if with less dignity, by dropping 

 on to its belly and propelling itself forward with feet and wings, as though it 

 were a feather-shod toboggan. In this manner it can move easily at the rate of a 

 man running at full speed, on snow. 



In the water, on the other hand, swimming powerfully with its wings, it moves 

 as fast as any fish, a necessity both for procuring food and for avoiding Sea- 

 Leopards and Killer Whales, which prey upon it. 



