THE SPRAYING PROGRAM 209 



may be omitted altogether where the owner is lucky enough not 

 to have that pest. 



Second spraying in the spring before the buds swell, using 

 lime-sulfur at winter strength. This is for the scale, principally, 

 but is also of value for certain fungous troubles. It is generally 

 advisable to apply this spraying, though there may be exceptions. 



Third spraying, within a week after the petals fall from the 

 blossoms, using arsenate of lead, 3 pounds to 50 gallons of water, 

 with about a gallon of commercial lime-sulfur added for fungous 

 diseases. This is primarily for the codling moth, but it is also 

 very helpful with the curculio and is the most important single 

 spraying in the calendar. It ought to be stated here that some 

 people have had trouble at times with the combination suggested 

 above and some authorities have even gone so far as to recom- 

 mend not using the combination but applying each one separately. 

 This, however, is too much trouble and if this combination will 

 not work w r e must get one that will. The writer has never had 

 any trouble with the combination, though he has used it for a 

 number of years. 



Fourth spraying, three or four weeks after the third, same 

 materials used. This is especially important for the codling 

 moth, but is also useful in checking fungous troubles like the 

 scab, the sooty blotch and other diseases. 



These four sprayings will usually go far towards protecting 

 the orchard from attacks, and, as suggested, the first may some- 

 times be omitted, though if the orchardist lives in a San Jose 

 scale district he should always do more or less autumn spraying 

 in case the spring work rashes more than anticipated. On the 

 other hand, in some sections it frequently becomes necessary to 

 spray several times in addition to those outlined. Where there 

 are several broods of the codling moth it may be necessary to 

 spray four or five times for that insect alone. Or if the scab is 

 especially troublesome it may be necessary to spray before the 

 blossoms open. 



For peaches and plums it is not usually necessary to spray 

 in the autumn, but the program would be as follows : 

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