304 LAWS AFFECTING ORCHARDING 



If the grower packs his own fruit he accepts the responsibility of the 

 packing, as described in the following paragraph: 



(c) For the Packer (the Owner at the time of Packing). 



Section 320 of the Act requires that the person who owns the fruit 

 when it is packed in closed barrels or boxes must mark plainly on each 

 package : 



1. His name and post office address. 



2. The name of the variety of the fruit. 



3. The grade of the fruit, whether it is " Fancy," " No. 1," " No. 2," 



or "No. 3." 



If he marks the package " Fancy " the fruit must be practically perfect, 

 as described in section 321 (6) (i). 



On reading subsection (6) (ii) carefully, it will be seen that the 

 packer should aim in packing grade No. 1 to discard every injured or 

 defective fruit, and not to deliberately include ten per cent of inferior 

 specimens. This margin is meant to make the work of grading easier and 

 more rapid than if absolute perfection were exacted. Ten per cent is 

 presumed to be the margin within which an honest packer can do rapid 

 work, using every endeavor to make each specimen conform to the general 

 standard for the grade. 



Even the twenty per cent margin in grade No. 2 must be composed of 

 specimens not less than nearly medium size, including no culls. 



The Act makes no restriction as to the quality of fruit which is marked 

 " No. 3." 



The owner at the time of packing is responsible if the face of each 

 package does not represent the contents as required by section 321, sub- 

 section (c). Over-facing is an offence against the Act, which is most 

 severely dealt with by the courts. 



(d) For the Foreman of the Packing Gang. 



Whether he is putting up his own fruit or that of another person, the 

 man who does the packing is required, by section 4 of the Order in Council 

 printed above, to pack the fruit in accordance with the law. He should 

 read the whole Act carefully, but should give section 321 special attention. 

 If he violates these requirements, he is liable to the fine specified in section 

 5 of the Order in Council. 



(e) For the Apple Operator. 



The apple operator for his own protection should see that his work- 

 men are familiar with the Inspection and Sale Act, Part IX. 



Section 4 of the Order in Council is a special protection for the apple 



