SITUATION 53 



a small reservoir may be formed and pipes run to the desired 

 points of distribution. 



3. The presence of a never-failing spring at some elevated 

 position may be utilized in the same way, there being no power 

 required for distribution. 



4. If the source of water supply is below the level of the plant, 

 the water can be elevated to standpipes or reservoirs in any of 

 the following ways: Hydraulic rams, gasoline engines, water- 

 wheels, or windmills. 



5. The use of a driven well and compression storage tank 

 operated by gasoline engine will be found an efficient and economi- 

 cal method of furnishing water where natural sources are absent. 



The one point of most importance in laying out a water sys- 

 tem is to take the water from above the plant and carry the waste 

 water below, thus doing away with contamination. The more 

 naturally this system can be brought about, the more desirable is 

 the location, as a greater economy in labor is secured. 



Economy of Time and Labor. The poultry plant, whether 

 large or small, should be laid out with the idea of saving steps. 

 The greatest saving in this respect can be made by care in planning 

 the location of the buildings. The main building should be cen- 

 trally located. It usually contains a feed room and general work- 

 room, as for fattening, killing, and picking. The incubation and 

 brooding equipment and the laying houses should be so placed in 

 relation to the main building that the entire round of work can be 

 done without retracing steps and with the shortest distance pos- 

 sible. Chick ranges should be located as near the centre of the 

 plant as practicable, as the birds require feeding much oftener 

 when young. 



A good system of roads and paths should be constructed 

 so as to be dry at all times; nothing is more disagreeable than a 

 muddy walk. These should be in direct communication with the 

 public highway. 



The two heaviest expenses in connection with egg production 

 are feed and labor; the latter can be materially reduced by care 

 in planning the plant. 



Arrangement of Buildings. The direction of the most objec- 

 tionable winds should be studied, and the buildings so arranged 

 that the back or low portion is toward the strongest wind. If it 

 is north or west, all windows, doors, and yards should be in the 

 front, which would be protected by the building itself. If no 



