BREEDING FOR EGG PRODUCTION 



253 



bird which is a heavy layer merely during the three spring months, 

 for she is often found to lack the persistency so essential to a heavy 

 yearly production. 



Only mature birds, male and female, should be used in breed- 

 ing for egg production, for these are more prepotent, and will 

 produce offspring with more vigor and vitality and of larger size 

 when adults. Hens should be used, not pullets. 



Practise line breeding to fix and intensify the good qualities 

 of the strain in regard to fecundity. This avoids the dangers 

 attendant upon out-crossing. 

 The introduction of low fe- 

 cundity lines by the use of 

 males of unknown pedigree is 

 evidently a very bad mistake. 



Early-producing Pullets. 

 By selecting for breeders 

 hens which were early pro- 

 ducers in their pullet year, it 

 is possible to intensify this 

 characteristic in the progeny, 

 and not only is this quality 

 in itself desirable, but a heavy 

 yearly production is seldom at- 

 tained without it. Early pro- 

 duction, say October of the 

 pullet year, means an early FIG 127 _ ,, Lady Lay More/ , a white Plym _, 



Winter Start, Which Signifies outh Rock hen that laid 281 egga in twelve 



. . ,j f ,, W^i. months, winning the international egg-laying con- 



a gOOd yield for the Winter tegt 19 n_i2. Note the ragged condition of the 



months and promises for the plumage, the pale shank and the bright, promi- 



, . , i j j_ i nent eye. 



individual a high yearly total. 



Late Molters. It has been proved by experiment and obser- 

 vation that the bird which molts the latest is, in the majority 

 of cases, the heaviest layer; in other words, the hen that molts 

 in July or August, and gets her new plumage and makes a fine 

 appearance early, is not the one that is the heavy layer (Fig. 

 127). The one that is laying eggs until cool weather in the fall is 

 the one that does not molt until late, but looks shabby and raw 

 during that time; nevertheless, when she does start, the molt is 

 usually rapid and complete, leaving her in good condition to com- 

 mence laying in early winter. This external feature, the molt, 

 is of practical value in selecting persistent layers. 



