408 



The Profitable Culture of Vegetables. 



or grub state being sometimes very serious, whilst the beetles feed on the 

 leaves of various trees, occasionally quite stripping them of foliage. 



A B C 



The Large Cockchafer (Melolontha vulgaris). 



A Perfect insect ; B Larva ; C Pupa ; All natural size. 



Treatment : The beetles may be collected from trees and destroyed 

 during early summer. The cockchafer and summer-chafer are night-flying 

 insects and may be collected during the hotter hours of the day ; the garden 

 and rose-chafers fly during the day-time and may be collected in the evening. 

 They may be shaken down on to boards covered with tar or other sticky 

 substance. The grubs may be trapped with thick pieces of turf laid on the 

 ground, grass side down, under which they will congregate and may be 

 collected and killed. When the ground is vacant of crops it should be dressed 

 with gas-lime or kainit ; or one of the advertised soil f umigants may be tried. 



DADDY LONG-LEGS.-Thcre are 



two species of this well-known fly, 

 one appearing from May to August 

 and the other from July to September. 

 The habits of both are identical. 

 Their larva or grubs, popularly known 

 as " leather- jackets " on account of 

 their tough leathery skins, are very 

 destructive to many crops in the 

 garden, especially on newly-broken 

 grass land, eating them at or just 

 below the ground line. The grub 

 is about an inch in length, somewhat 

 variable in colour, but generally of a 

 greyish brown ; it has a black head, 

 furnished with strong jaws for biting, 

 and although it has no legs it moves 

 with comparative ease. 



Treatment : Same as for Surface 



e 



see, Female Fly (Tipnlti oh-nicea). 



Daddy Longlcgs, or Crane Fly. 



1. Efigs ; 2, Larva, or " leather-jacket " ; 

 (standing up in the ground); 4, 



