PEARS. 95 



growing fruit; no matter of what kind. The 

 pruning to which this fine Pear is subjected is 

 precisely the same as that described on page 82, 

 in the chapter on Apples. It is the essence of 

 simplicity, and practically and philosophically 

 sound. 



Trees for Walls. The finest of fruit is pro- 

 duced by trees trained to walls or to boarded 

 fences, provided the roots are in good soil. It may 

 be said there are acres of unoccupied wall space, 

 such as cottages and other buildings, as well as 

 divisional fences between gardens, that might be 

 utilised in the manner suggested. There is no 

 other way in which walls can be covered so quickly 

 as by planting what are known as cordon trees, or 

 in other words, trees limited to one stem. If these 

 are planted about twenty inches apart, the leading 

 growth not shortened till it reaches the top of the 

 wall or fence, and the side growths are trimmed in 

 to within an inch or two of the main stem, the 

 trees bear abundantly, and the wall is quickly 

 covered. These are the cheapest of all trees to 

 purchase, and the easiest to manage. Both kinds, 

 the upright for lofty walls, and diagonal for low 

 fences, are represented in fig. 31, page 96. When 

 side-growths extend in summer, nip off the ends at 

 the sixth leaf, and shoots that push again to one 



