MODERN SCIENCE. 167 



development refused to accept some of the most obvious 

 evolutionary doctrines, rejecting, for instance, and fighting 

 against the theory of gradual animal development for a long 

 time. It was towards the end of his career only (at sixty-six 

 years of age), and when Darwinism had proved universally 

 triumphant, that Lyell abandoned this attitude at last, and 

 acknowledged the soundness of its doctrines. He even en- 

 dorsed them completely (if reluctantly) in his famous book 

 the Antiquity of Man the first work in which evidences of 

 man's antiquity were collected and clearly presented to man- 

 kind (1863). 



!7Qg 187 . Elie de Beaumont drew up the geological 

 MAP OF FRANCE (in collaboration with Dufrenoy). His 

 " Revolutions of the Globe " contain the celebrated theory 

 of the uprising and of the direction of mountains. 



1303 1879. Dove, in his " Isothermal Lines " (1848 64), 

 enunciated and explained the law of Storms, or the law of 

 ROTATION OF WINDS, by virtue of which the wind veers 

 round according to the sun's motion i.e., passes from North 

 to North-east, then to East, then South-east, then South, and so 

 on a course most regularly observed in winter. For a station 

 in south latitude a contrary law of rotation prevails. 



1806 1873. Maury assisted geology by his fine studies 

 and demonstrations of the action of the ocean and rivers in 

 the formation and transformation of the crust; his investiga- 

 tions on the wind and sea-currents much advanced the study of 

 meteorology. To his action and work the establishment of 

 innumerable meteorological stations all over the globe is 

 due. His famous work (THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE SEA) 

 was the result of no less than twelve hundred thousand 

 observations gathered from all parts a fact which speaks 

 volumes for his earnestness and thoroughness. 



1807 74. Agassiz opened a new field in science. He 

 discovered one of the grandest phenomena of geology by 

 his investigation of a feature of the earth's surface which 

 had escaped the attention of geologists, with the exception 

 of DE SAUSSURE viz., the formation of glaciers, and the 

 part they played at a certain period of the history of the 

 globe. De Saussure, exploring the Alpine glaciers, had 



