APPENDIX AA. 321 



Philology (<{>i\os, lover, Xoyoy, language) is the study of languages. 

 As an instrument of historical research and anthropological study 

 especially in questions of origin, descent, and race philology has 

 proved one of the most interesting and fruitful branches of human 

 knowledge. On the Continent, comparative philology has received 

 the name of linguistique, the term philology referring only to the 

 study of a particular language in its entirety (/.., grammar, etymology, 

 lexicology, filiation, interpretation, and criticism). Philologists are 

 inclined to settle question of origin and distinctions of race by philo- 

 logy ; but we must beware of hasty conclusions of this kind, for 

 identity of speech by no means implies identity of race ; distinction 

 of race mainly rests upon physical and mental characteristic 

 differences which are not affected by language ; in other words, a 

 form of speech may have spread by conquest or otherwise to 

 different races, and these races remain distinct, the co-existence 

 of speech notwithstanding. 



