444 PROGRESS OF SCIENCE IN THE CENTURY. 



of knowledge (ideas) and empty faculties of knowl- 

 edge (memory, imagination) is looked upon as an 

 organic structure, that is, as a structure that has 

 grown or developed, to be investigated by analytical 

 and genetic methods." * 



"Whether or not we admit the advent of a new 

 psychology, at least we cannot deny the consummation 

 of a great and far-reaching change in psychological 

 aims and methods." f 



CORRELATION OF MIND AND BODY. 



During the nineteenth century various views were 

 held on this subject 



(a) Ignoring what had been clearly shown even 

 by Descartes, and the truth in Hartley's Observa- 

 tions on Man (1749) a certain school practi- 

 cally denied that any correlation of mind and body 

 existed. The body and its organs, on one side, the 

 mind and its organs, on the other, were thought 

 of as entirely independent existences. This position 

 is untenable. Certain lesions of the brain are 

 always associated with certain disorders of language, 

 as in aphasia. Conversely, over and over again, the 

 saving skill of the surgeon at the best, or post-mortem 

 examination at the worst, has verified an inference 

 from a particular mental disorder to a disturbance 

 of a particular part of the brain. The general cor- 

 respondence throughout Vertebrates between the 

 relative size and complexity of the brain and the ani- 

 mal's grade of intelligence, cannot be a coincidence. 



Historical Note. Although at many different 



* Summarised from Recent Advance* in 

 Internal. Monthly, II. (August. 1600), pp. 154-168. 

 f E. 13. Titchoner (1900), he. cit. p. 154. 



