CH. I] EARTHWORMS AND LEECHES 41 



Subfamily CRIODRILIN^E. Gizzard rudimentary. 



genus Sparganophilus Benham. Prostomium not marked off by 

 furrow from 1st segment. Male apertures not on raised lobes, 

 between 18th and 19th or in anterior part of 19th. No 

 oesophageal pouches or calcareous glands. Posterior hearts 

 in llth. 2 pairs of testes, 2 pairs of racemose vesiculse 

 seminales in llth and 12th. Setse closely paired. 



S. tamesis Benham. Red, bluish iridescence. 3 pairs of sper- 

 mathecal apertures, between 6th and 7th, 7th and 8th, 8th 

 and 9th in line of dorsal pairs of setse. Dorsal pairs of setse 

 not halfway up side of body. Nephridiopores in line of 

 inner setse of ventral pair. Clitellum from (part of) 15th to 

 (part of) 25th segment. Tubercula pubertatis on 17th to 

 22nd. Male apertures between 18th and 19th. Length 76 

 to 102 mm. On roots of water plants. Thames. 



Family LUMBRICID.E. Setse sigmoid, not forked, 8 per segment. 

 Dorsal pores present. Clitellum beginning at some distance 

 from male aperture. Male apertures in 15th, female in 14th, 

 usually. Genital and grooved setae on papillse developed on 

 certain anterior segments. (Esophagus with calcareous glands. 

 Gizzard well developed. Testes 2 pairs, in 10th and llth. 

 Ovaries in 13th. Spermathecse simple, without diverticula. 



genus Eiseniella Mchlsn. (Allurus Eisen). Prostomium extends 

 about \ across 1st segment. Gizzard confined to one seg- 

 ment. Spermathecal apertures dorsal to line of dorsal pairs 

 of setse. 



E. tetraedra (Sav.), var. tetragonura (Friend). Sienna coloured ; 

 clitellum dull orange. Clitellum extends over 5 segments, 

 from 18th to 22nd ; tubercula pubertatis on 3 segments, 

 from 19th to 21st. Male apertures on 13th segment. Total 

 segments about 85. Length 30 mm. In gravel at bottom of 

 streams, especially such as are occasionally dried up. 



E. macrura (Friend). Greenish. Clitellum from 15th to 22nd. 

 Tubercula pubertatis on 20th and 21st. Male apertures on 

 13th, ventral papillse on 13th and 22nd. Total segments 160. 

 Length 30mm. 



