42 EARTHWORMS AND LEECHES [CH. I 



genus Eisenia Malm, em. Mchlsn. (part of Allolobophora Eisen). 

 Prostomium dents or extends a little way into 1st segment. 

 Male apertures in 15th. Spermathecal apertures 2 pairs, 

 between 9th and 10th, 10th and llth, in line of dorsal setae, 

 or dorsal to it. 3 or 4 pairs of vesiculse seminales in 9th 

 to 12th or absent from 10th. Gizzard extends through more 

 than one segment. 



E. fatida (Sav.). The " brandling." Red with purple or brown 

 rings. Prostomium extends into 1st segment. Setae closely 

 paired. Clitellum from 24th, 25th or 26th (usually) to 32nd. 

 Tubercula pubertatis on 28th (or 28th) to 30th or 31st. 

 First dorsal pore between 4th and 5th. Total segments 80 to 

 110. Length 60 to 90 mm. Thickness 3 to 4 mm. In dung- 

 heaps and rich soil. 



E. veneta (Rosa.), var. hibernica (Friend). Clear rosy red. Pro- 

 stomium extends some way into 1st segment. Setae widely 

 paired. Clitellum from 27th to 33rd broad and flat. Tuber- 

 cula pubertatis on 30th and 31st. First dorsal pore between 

 5th and 6th. Total segments 100 to 115. Length 35 to 45 

 mm. Thickness 3 to 4 mm. In Ireland. 



E. rosea (Sav.). Blood red. Prostomium extends some way into 

 1st segment. Setae closely paired. Clitellum from 24th, 25th, 

 or 26th to 31st, 32nd, or 33rd. Tubercula pubertatis on 29th, 

 30th and 31st. First dorsal pore between 4th and 5th. 

 Genital setae on 9th or 10th and (or) 12th or 13th, sometimes 

 24th. Total segments 120 to 150. Length 25 to 60 mm. 

 Thickness 3 to 4 mm. In damp earth, and in mud at edges 

 of fresh water. 



genus Helodrilus Hoffmstr., em. Mchlsn. Prostomium generally 

 extends into 1st segment, sometimes only dents it, sometimes 

 extends right back to furrow between 1st and 2nd segments. 

 Male apertures on 15th. Gizzard extends through more than 

 1 segment. 



subgeuus Allolobophora Eisen., em. Rosa. Prostomium does not 

 reach furrow between 1st and 2nd. 4 pairs of vesiculae 

 seminales in 9th to 12th, those in 10th nearly as large as 

 those in 9th. Setae fairly closely paired. 



