96 THE COCKROACH [CH. Ill 



pronotum and short wings, and T. subulatus with nearly flat 

 pronotum and long wings. These are both small grass- 

 hoppers, 7 to 10mm. long, and vary greatly in colouring. 

 They appear in the spring and early summer and hibernate 

 in winter : the eggs are laid in spring. They frequent dry 

 barren places among dead leaves or similar spots. 

 Stenobot/irus, which includes 6 species distinguishable from one 

 another by minute characters into which we cannot now 

 enter, differs from Gomphocerus (3 British species) in pos- 

 sessing thread-like tapering antennae, whereas in the latter 

 genus they are club-shaped. 

 The LOCUSTS (Locustodea) and CRICKETS (Gryllodea) are alike in 



possessing long antennae, a conspicuous ovipositor of greater or 



less length in the female, and stridulating organs confined to 



the wing- covers. 



The two families -differ from one another in the following 



respects : 



The Locusts have 4-jointed tarsi, and the stridulating part 



of the wing-cover is smaller than the rest. 



The Crickets have never more than 3 joints in the tarsi, and 



the stridulating part of the wing-cover is larger than the rest. 

 The Locustodea include various genera and species of " Sword- 

 tailed-" and " Sabre-tailed-Grasshoppers," and the "Green 

 Locust." Eight genera have been recorded in Britain ; the 

 more common are the following : 



Leptophyes punctatissima, green ; male 12 mm., female 16 mm. in 

 length ; wings abortive in both sexes, 1st and 2nd joints of 

 tarsi smooth and not grooved at the sides. The last character 

 distinguishes this form from all other common British 

 Locustodea. The species is found on trees and shrubs in 

 summer and autumn : the eggs are laid in crevices in the 

 bark, and hatch in May. 



Meconema varium, pale green with a yellow line along the back ; 

 11 15mm. in length, aperture of auditory organ on anterior 

 tibiae wide open. Male devoid of stridulating organs. Occurs 

 on trees, especially lime and oak, in late summer and 

 autumn. 



