88 MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, VOL. XIII. 



Meunier* gives the following description: 



A very remarkable iron in that plessite forms almost the entire substance. The extremely thin taenite laminae 

 are very long and are ordinarily grouped in bundles which may be separated under the glass. Solution of the iron 

 gives a carbon precipitate and the odor of hydrogen sulphide. 



Cohen 1S sums up the results of his own investigations as follows : 



A dull and compact iron of low hardness, 3-4, forms a strongly predomin<mt groundmass which receives a peculiar 

 shimmering appearance from numerous minute shining flakes. In these lie numerous long and very fine lamellae, 

 partly isolated and partly in bundles, generally unequally grouped but not gathered in zones. These consist of a 

 nucleus of spotted, weakly granular kamacite with well-marked wrapping of taenite. In the latter, which, on account 

 of its growth can by strong magnification be investigated here better than usually, there appear to be thin systems of 

 lines resembling the striae of kamacite. The lamellae reach a length of 2.5 cm. and a thickness of about 0.05 mm., 

 though on the one hand the latter become of microscopic dimensions and on the other hand show five faces. They 

 are sharply separated from one another. At times, though, the nucleus and taenite border grade into one another, prov- 

 ing a simultaneous origin. Where the lamellse intersect, which is not often the case, there are dislocations showing 

 that part of the bands are somewhat older. Skeletonlike growths are abundant without becoming actual combs. 

 Troilite is abundantly present, in part as rounded to lenslike nodules reaching 2 cm. in diameter and in part as minute 

 spherules-. The large nodules are commonly bounded by complete lamellse (kamacite with taenite border on both 

 sides Brezina's swathing bands), which are somewhat broader than the octahedral lamellse. The taenite generally 

 projects in a ragged fashion, and that bordering the troilite is somewhat stronger than that lying outside. These large 

 nodules have often served as nuclei for the growth of band systems which are, as a rule, especially strongly grouped. 

 The lamellse appear to be outgrowths of the swathing bands in which the kamacite nuclei were crowded against one 

 another, while the tsenite was fused; so that a taenite band commonly incloses both formations. The greater age of 

 the troilite is shown by the fact that at one place the lamellae turn aside from a nodule. Schreibersite in quantity and 

 size is subordinate. Butler, in consequence of the strongly predominant plessite and the isolated position of the 

 lamellae through simultaneous formation, is well adapted to the study of skeleton growths as well as the grouping and 

 displacing of lamelte. The homogeneity of the troilite is also remarkable, since the usual abundant intergrowths of 

 schreibersite and troilite are lacking. Leick found Butler acquired strong permanent magnetism. The specific 

 magnetism he found to be 6.25 absolute units per gram, which is considerably higher than that of most other iron 

 meteorites. The specific gravity at 21.9 centigrade was 7.8865. 



The meteorite is distributed, the Harvard collection having the principal mass (14 kgs.1. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



1. 1875: BKOADHEAD. On a discovery of meteoric iron in Missouri. Amer. Joum. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 10, p. 401. 



2. 1877: SMITH. Examination of the Waconda meteoric stone, Bates County meteoric iron, and Rockingham County 



meteoric iron. Amer. Joum. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 13, p. 213. (Analysis.) 



3. 1880: BREZINA. Vorlaufiger Bericht fiber neue oder wenig bekannte Meteoriten. Sitzber. Wien. Akad., Bd. 82, 



I, pp. 348-350 and 351. 



4. 1881: BREZINA. Meteoritenstudien II. Denkschr. Wien. Akad., Bd. 44, p. 135. (Four plates with illustration 



of etchings.) 



5. 1885: BREZINA. Wiener Sammlung, pp. 207-208 and 233. 



6. 1886: BREZINA and COHEN: Photographien, Figs. 7, 8, and 9. 



7. 1886: HUNTINGTON. Crystalline structure. Amer. Journ. Sci., 3dser., vol.32, pp. 290, 291,295. (Illustration.) 



8. 1890: BREZINA. Ueber Meteoreisen. Oesterr. Zeitschr. f. Berg- u. Huttenw., Bd. 38, pp. 356 and 357. (Illus- 



tration of etching.) 



9. 1893: MEUNIER. ReVision des fers me'tebriques, pp. 40-41. (Illustration of etching.) 



10. 1895: BREZINA. Wiener Sammlung, p. 267. (Illustration of etching.) 



11. 1895: COHEN. Meteoreisen-Studien IV. Ann. K. k. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, Bd. 10, pp. 82 and 90. 



12. 1900: COHEN. Meteoreisen-Studien XI. Ann. K. k. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, Bd. 15, pp. 359-365. 



13. 1905: COHEN. Meteoritenkunde, Heft 3, pp. 281-284. 



Cabarras County. See Flows. 



