METEORITES OF NORTH AMERICA. 159 



Brezina 2 further described the stone as follows: 



The single stone of this fall, weighing 340 grams, has the form of the segment of a sphere, such as would be pro- 

 duced by four radial cracks in a spherical shell 6 cm. thick and of large radius (about 30 cm.). The outer, slightly 

 convex, spherical surface, as well as the corresponding inner, approximately concave surface, is extraordinarily glazed 

 with a thick, primary crust; the converging flat sides have somewhat more prominence, although they possess also a 

 primary character; on several corners and angles small fragments have been broken off and the fractured surface has 

 been covered with a secondary crust. The primitive crust is thick and dark, the secondary is of a reddish brown 

 color. 



The stone is preserved almost entire in the Vienna museum. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



1. 1890: HOWELL. Description of new meteorites. The De Cewsville meteorite. Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci., vol. 



1, pp. 91-93. 



2. 1895: BBEZINA. Wiener Sammlung, p. 243. 



DEEP SPRINGS. 



Deep Springs Farm, Rockingham County, North Carolina. 



Latitude 36 2(K N., longitude 79 W W. 



Iron. Nickel-rich ataxite, Morradal group of Brezina. 



Found about 1846; described 1890. 



Weight, 11.5 kgs. (25 Ibs.). 



This meteorite was first described by Venable * as follows: 



This mass was reported to have fallen about the year 1846, near the old Mansion House, Deep Springs Farm, in 

 Rockingham County, North Carolina. One of the old negro servants related to Mr. Lindsay, the owner of the farm, 

 that "the rock fell on a clear morning and struck the ground about a hundred yards back of the garden. It fright- 

 ened everyone very much. Col. James Scales, the owner of the farm at that time, and Mr. Dillard took a man and 

 went to the spot and dug in about 4 or 5 feet and got it out." It lay about the house as a curiosity for several years, 

 when it ceased to be of any more interest and was thrown aside. After Mr. T. B. Lindsay bought the farm, he kept 

 the meteoric mass for several years upon the porch. In the fall of 1889, he presented it to the State Museum. The 

 indentation in the earth where it is reported to have struck is still pointed out. 



The weight of the mass was 11.5 kilograms. It had somewhat the outline of a rhomboid, measuring 270 by 210 

 mm., and having a thickness which varied from 10 to 70 mm. It is coated with oxidation products to a depth in 

 places of several millimeters. These give the whole mass a dull reddish brown color. The surface is irregularly pitted 

 with broad shallow pits. It is somewhat concave on one side. On being polished and etched it gave faintly the Wied- 

 mannstatten figures. It belongs to the class of sweating meteorites, beads of deliquescent ferric chlorine appearing 

 on the surface. This lawrenceite, so called, is evidently unevenly distributed through the mass. Analyses from 

 different portions gave different amounts of chlorine, the less the deeper the material examined. In one boring it 

 was noticed that the metal near the surface (within 2 cm.) gave a decided percentage of chlorine, while that coming 

 from the deeper part of the drill hole (3 to 5 cm. from the surface) gave no appreciable amount of chlorine. 



The analysis gave: 



Fe Ni Co Cu Cr C Cl P S SiO 2 



87.01 11.69 0.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.04 0.00 0.53 =100.45 



Cohen 2 described the structure as follows: 



On cutting a piece for chemical investigation the saw blade struck in the middle of the plate an irresistible obstacle, 

 so that the cutting had to be carried on from the other surface and separation obtained by breaking. The character of 

 this small layer of so great hardness I could not determine. A part of the section remained unchanged on etching. 

 The portion bounded by the natural surface of the meteorite is covered with a layer of rust, as is the case with the 

 Cape iron. The nickel iron rusts very easily and contains, as shown by the analysis, chlorine in large quantity. In 

 this meteorite, as in the Cape, Lick Creek, and other irons, the abundant grains of iron chloride may be traced to sharply 

 bounded portions with greater porosity, although a structural difference between the portions of the iron rich and poor 

 in chlorine can not be recognized under the microscope. Besides being in the porous spots the iron chloride was prob- 

 ably originally pretty uniformly distributed in the meteorite. On weak etching, the section appears dull and com- 

 pletely homogeneous. On strong etching it takes a weakly granular appearance. Under the microscope there appear 

 in large number minute, strongly reflecting particles, partly in the form of points, though at times in the form of light 

 lines which have a length of 0.02 mm. and a breadth of 0.005 mm. Although the latter are generally oriented in different 

 directions and pretty uniformly distributed, there is visible under the microscope a very slight grouping which give 

 a spotted appearance on an etched surface. The iron seems to be constructed of very fine grains whose separation 

 is not distinct even on strong magnification. The only accessory constituents are small flakes of schreibersite and 



