METEORITES OF NORTH AMERICA. 239 



Tschermak 12 illustrated some of the chondri of the meteorite. 



Brezina " in 1885 classified the meteorite as a brecciated gray chondrite and described the 

 Vienna specimens as follows : 



Of Homestead the cabinet possesses a dark green complete, breccialike stone of 810 grams, the same of which the 

 Bonn Museum received a piece in exchange and of which T-aaaulx published a series of microscopical investigations. 



Judging from the fracture and overlooking the hardness of this stone one would take it for a serpentine. The 

 section exhibits the richness of the stone in grains of iron, which are so abundant in places that the stone takes on the 

 appearance of a fine-grained mesosiderite. A large slice in the collection of Braun is half dark gray, the other half 

 bright gray, and the two colors gradually shade into each other. A piece in the Vienna Museum (obtained by exchange 

 from Otto) shows a dull, medium dark gray color, while another in the same collection, received from Hinrichs, shows a 

 bright gray. So long as nothing definite is known concerning the frequency of the occurrence of this change, it seems 

 most appropriate to place the stone among the brecciated variety. The first mentioned dark green piece is also distin- 

 guished by the absence of a proper crust, although the original surface is unmistakable on account of the pronounced 

 pitting and lustrous appearance of the exterior in comparison with the interior. 



In 1895 " he described another individual as follows: 



A nearly complete individual of this fall (in the Vienna Museum) of 1,070 grams weight shows a very pronounced 

 orientation; the elongated front face having, around the apex, a denudation 1 cm. in size showing a rusted ground mass 

 beneath, has a black crust, pittings, and marked lines of flow upon the crust. The opposite rear side, inclined at an 

 angle of about 50 to the front side, has a dull, finely granular, sometimes finely porous, thick crust with white crust 

 lumps near one edge. A second rear side, inclined at an angle of some 70 to the front side, has a coarse, hackly, bark- 

 like crust , which shows lines of flow running over the edge on the side toward the front face. In the opposite direction 

 it becomes swollen and shining. A third side, or rear face, inclined at an angle of about 60 to the front face, shows 

 only on the side toward the front face, as also a little on the side toward the two rear faces, a very loose, porous, barklike 

 crust, which is abruptly broken off toward the inside and is only represented on the inner portion of this face by numerous 

 bubbles, while the greater part of the face is only very slightly glazed. A fourth side face, at right angles to the front 

 side, appears to be a terrestrial, or at least an entirely unfused, fresh fracture. A fifth side, or forward face, inclined 

 at an angle of 120 to the front side, shows an armor face and considerable rusting. A flat slice of this mass shows, in 

 addition to both roundish and angular chondri of white and gray colors, a metallic vein 1 to 1.5 mm. thick, apparently 

 noncoherent, which is also visible through the crust. 



Hinrichs 1S pu bushed in 1905 a pamphlet describing, to some extent, the distribution of the 

 stones among collectors and museums, and urging the adoption of the name Amana instead of 

 that of Homestead. 



The meteorite is widely distributed, both in the form of sections and individuals. Yale has 

 35 kgs.; Harvard, 17kgs.; FieldMuseum, 12 kgs.: and the University of Iowa, several individuals. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



1. 1875: . Fall of a meteor in Iowa. Amer. Joum. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 9, p. 407. 



2. 1875: WRIGHT. Preliminary note on an examination of gases from the meteorite of February 12, 1875. Idem, 



pp. 459-160. 



3. 1875: WRIGHT. Examination of gases from the meteorite of February 12, 1875. Amer. Joum. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 



10, pp. 44-49 and 206-207. 



4. 1875: IRISH. An account of the detonating meteor of February 12, 1875. Printed at the Daily Press Job Printing 



Office, Iowa City, Iowa, 1875, 4, pp. 16, with figure. 



5. 1875: HINRICHS. Surune chute de meteorites tombe'es dans 1'Etatd'Iowa. Comptee Rendus, Tome 80, p. 1175. 



6. 1875: SMITH. Rapport sur la chute de deux pierres me'te'oriques dans les Etata-Unis. Meteorite du Gomte'd'Iowa. 



Comptes Rendus, Tome 80, pp. 1451-1453. (Analysis.) 



7. 1875: LEONARD. Iowa County meteor and its meteorites. Amer. Journ. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 10, pp. 357-363. 



8. 1875: GUMBEL. Ueber die Beschaffenheit der Steinmeteoriten vom Fall am 12 Februar, 1875, in der Grafschaft 



Iowa, N.-A. Sitzber. MOnchen Akad. Bd. 5, pp. 313-330. 



9. 1876: WRIGHT. On the gases contained in meteorites. Amer. Joum. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 11, pp. 259 and 260. 



10. 1876: WRIGHT. On the gases contained in meteorites. Idem, vol. 12, pp. 169 and 170. 



11. 1884: WADSWOBTH. Studies, p. 86. 



12. 1883-1885: TSCHERMAK. Photographien, pis. 7 and 10, pp. 12, 13, and 14. 



13. 1885: BREZIXA. Wiener Sammlung, pp. 155, 165, 168, 182, 183-184, and 233. 



14. 1895: BREZTNA. Wiener Sammlung, pp. 251-252. 



15. 1905: HIXRICHS. The Amana meteorites. Published in St. Louie, pp. 103, pis. 16. 



