426 MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, VOL. XIII. 



The chlorine occurs as ferrous chloride, soluble in water; 87.5 grams of iron was used for analysis, so as to render 

 accurate the determination of the minor constituents. A partial examination of another specimen, however, showed 

 that, as usual in such masses, the distribution of the schreibersite, and probably the nickel in the alloy, is not alto- 

 gether uniform. The average amount of nickel is somewhat less than in the three formerly described masses, and 

 the proportion of cobalt and copper rather larger; but there can be no doubt, I think, that all four specimens, found 

 in the same neighborhood, resembling each other closely in all their physical properties, and exhibiting the same 

 general chemical character, represent different portions of the same meteoric fall. 



In 1880, Brezina 4 noted the occurrence of Reichenbach lamellae in etched sections of the 

 meteorite and figured them. In 1885 he 5 grouped Staunton as an octahedrite with medium 

 lamellae, the characteristics of the group being as follows: 



Lamellae puffy, not bunched, oriented sheen prominent, hatching very fine, and therefore not very prominent; 

 fields and combs abundant; plessite dark. 



Kunz, 8 in 1887, described a fifth mass as follows: 



This mass of meteoric iron was given to the late Col. W. B. Baldwin, of Staunton, Augusta County, Virginia, and 

 was found at or near the place where the largest of the three masses from Augusta County, first described by Professor 

 Mallet, was found. Colonel Baldwin was under the impression that it was a detached part of the largest mass. Pro- 

 fessor Mallet received it from him at a considerably later date than the large mass and having chipped and filed a 

 small flat surface, he found, after etching, that the Widmannstatten figures were like those on the large mass. A care- 

 ful examination satisfied him that this piece of iron had not been in any way artificially detached from any of the 

 previously discovered masses, though there is no doubt that all the other four meteoric irons from Augusta County, 

 including the one now described, are portions of a meteorite which probably exploded in mid air. Its present dimen- 

 sions are 8.5 cm. by 6.5 cm., 7 cm. at the widest end and 3 cm. at the smaller end. This, like the other masses, con- 

 tains ferrous chloride which, by its deliquescency, has caused much of the mass to exfoliate and crack off, so that it 

 is only a nodular remnant of what was once a much larger mass. At one end there is a large fragment weighing sev- 

 eral hundred grams, which is in part separated by a fissure 4 mm. wide, a result of oxidation. Several fractures show 

 from four to six faces of the octahedron. The following analysis of the mass is kindly furnished by Prof. J. W. Mallet: 



Fe Ni Co Cu Sn Mn Cr P S Cl C Si 



90.293 8.848 0.486 0.016 0.005 trace trace 0.243 0.012 trace 0.177 0.092 =100.72 



Kunz does not give the weight of the mass, but the dimensions given indicate a weight of 

 about 2,000 grams. 



Cohen and Weinschenk 7 obtained the following on decomposing 31.755 grams of the outer 

 portion of the meteorite : 



Grams. Per cent. 



Nickel iron 23. 3032 73. 38 



Jagged fragments 5.0433 15.88 



Tsenite 1. 0116 3. 19 



Schreibersite 0. 1293 0. 41 



Rust. . 2. 2676 7. 14 



31>7550 100.00 



They further state: 



The schreibersite forms small tin-white crystals and grains, which cleave perfectly in one direction; the angular 



fragments are less irregularly formed and flatter than usual. Besides individual, lustrous, very fine spangles, which, 



according to their physical characteristics do not differ from the tsenite of other meteorites, there occurs here very 



prominently a tsenite of gray color, of inferior luster and greater thickness of folia, and of greater friability than usual. 



The latter gave, from a solution in copper-ammonium chloride, the following analysis on 0.37197 gram: 



C Fe Ni Co P 



1.18 73.85 23.88 2.12 trace -101.03 

 which calculated to 100 for the tsenite gives: 



Fe Ni Co C 



73.10 23.63 2.10 1.17 =100.00 



An analysis of the angular fragments by Manteuffel is also given by Cohen, 8 which is as 



follows: 



Fe Ni Co C P 



I : 92.49 6.38 0.63 0.05 0.24 = 99.79 



la : 93. 27 6. 04 0. 64 0. 05 .... =100. 00 



(I) Figures for a portion of the abundant isolated angular fragments, 

 (la) After deduction of 1.56 per cent schreibersite. 

 Copper=0.0258 per cent. 



