APPENDAGES OF EYE. 43 



is contiguous to the cartilage of the aperture, and is connected to it by 

 fibrous tissue. 



The cartilage of the aperture (fig. 7) forms a ring around the opening 

 of the nose except behind. It has not any attachment directly to bone ; 

 but it is united above to the lateral cartilage by fibrous tissue, and below 

 with the dense teguments forming the margin of the aperture of the 

 nostril. 



Fig. 7. 



1. Triangular septal cartilage. 



2. Upper lateral cartilage. 



3. Lower lateral, or the cartilage of the aperture, the outer part. 



4. Inner part of the cartilage of the aperture. 



5. Nasal bone. 



LATERAL CARTILAGES OF THE XOSE. 



The part of the cartilage ( 3 ) which bounds the opening externally, is 

 narrow and pointed behind, where it ends in two or three small pieces of 

 cartilage cartilagines minor es vel sesamoidece ; but swells out in front 

 where it touches its fellow, and forms the apex of the nose. 



The inner part (*) projects backwards along the septum of the nose 

 nearly to the superior maxillary bone; it assists in the formation of the par- 

 tition between the nostrils, and extends below the level of the septum nasi. 



The APPENDAGES OF THE EYE include the eyebrow, the eyelid, and 

 the lachrymal apparatus. Some of these can be examined now on the 

 opposite side of the face. The apparatus for the tears will be dissected 

 after the orbit has been completed. 



The eyebrow (stipercilium) is a curved eminence just above the eye, 

 which is placed over the orbital arch of the frontal bone. It consists of 

 thickened integuments, and its prominence is in part due to the subjacent 

 orbicularis palpebrarum. It is furnished with long coarse hairs, which are 

 directed outwards, and towards one another. 



The eyelids are two movable semilunar parts in front of the eye, which 

 can be approached or separated over the eyeball. The upper lid is the 

 largest and the most movable, and descends below the middle of the eye- 

 ball when the two meet ; it is also provided with a special muscle to raise 

 it. The interval between the open lids is named jissura palpebrarum. 

 Externally and internally they are united by a commissure or cantkus. 



The free margin is thicker than the rest of the lid, and is semilunar in 

 form ; but towards the inner side, about a quarter of an inch from the 

 commissure, it becomes straighter. At the spot where the two parts join 

 is a small white eminence (fig. 13, ') the papilla lachrymalis ; and in this 

 is the punctum lachrymale, or the opening of the canal for the tears. 



This margin is provided anteriorly with the eyelashes, and near the 

 posterior edge with a row of small openings of the Meibomian glands ; 

 but both the cilia and the glands are absent from the part of the lid which 

 is internal to the opening of the punctum lachrymale. The free margin 



