TYPES OF FARMING 49 



that require lime for the best growth of these crops, 

 particularly on the hill lands from southern Illinois to 

 New England. Redtop will grow well on soils that are 

 too poor or too short of lime to grow timothy. Alsike 

 clover is somewhat more hardy in this and other respects 

 than red clover. 



The great pasture plant of this section is Kentucky 

 blue-grass, sometimes called June-grass (Poa pratensis). 

 White clover is also important. On soils that are too 

 poor to grow Kentucky blue-grass, Canada blue-grass 

 (Poa compressa) is the most important pasture plant. 

 Kentucky blue-grass requires much more lime than Can- 

 ada blue-grass. If a soil contains enough lime or is well 

 supplied with lime, the Kentucky blue-grass will usually 

 run out the Canada blue-grass. 



If a region grows Kentucky blue-grass or alfalfa very 

 abundantly, it is practically certain that the soils still have 

 a fair supply of limo. 



West of the one-hundredth meridian, the chief hay plant 

 is alfalfa, and the chief pasture plants are the native 

 grasses. 



South of Washington, various forage plants are grown. 

 Cow peas are one of the important hay plants, but these 

 must be planted every year and are hard to cure. On 

 some of the limestone soils, alfalfa is grown. Bermuda 

 grass and Johnson grass are grown, but these are bad weeds. 

 The pasture and hay question in the South is a difficult 

 one, as the very climatic conditions that make it a great 

 cotton region are unfavorable for grass. It is not a 

 natural grass country. 



39. Apples. The apple crop is primarily adapted to 

 the region that was by nature heavily wooded. In New 

 York there are orchards with trees over one hundred years 



