POINT OF VIEW ON LIVE-STOCK PROBLEMS 213 



protein (12 to 25 per cent) ; high protein (over 25 per 

 cent). 



" Heavy " foods are in dark-faced type, " light " foods 

 are in ordinary type. 



Mixed hay, corn silage, corn stalks, or fodder are very 

 similar in composition so far as the balance between pro- 

 tein and carbohydrates is concerned. 



For the sake of variety it is desirable to use at least 

 three feeds. If one low protein, one medium protein, and 

 one high protein food be mixed together in equal parts by 

 weight, the mixture will make a well-balanced ration to 

 be used with the above kinds of roughage. 



An ideal grain ration should weigh about one pound to 

 the quart. To secure this the mixture should contain 

 at least one " light" food (printed there in ordinary type). 



A dairy cow in full milk should have all the hay and 

 silage that she will eat and if giving 4 per cent milk or richer 

 should have one pound of grain for each 3 or 3| pounds of 

 milk that she produces. A cow giving milk with less than 

 4 per cent of fat should have one pound of grain for each 

 3| or 4 pounds of milk that she produces. If clover or 

 alfalfa hay are used, the feed mixture does not require 

 any of the high protein feeds. 



138. " Roughing " animals through winter. Young 

 animals seem to have a considerable power to recover from 

 periods of short feeding without permanent stunting. Of 

 course the period must not last too long. Farmers take 

 advantage of this in raising calves. Calves are often 

 carried along cheaply until they are old enough to eat 

 hay, grass, and grain. This is often a great economy in 

 raising calves. When such calves are a year old they are 

 often as good as if they had been given more milk. 



The same principle is used in carrying young stock 



