474 FARM MANAGEMENT 



Timothy hay paid very well, both per acre and for the 

 time spent on it. The crop was fertilized and would yield 

 more in a good year, but the low yield was offset by a high 

 price. About half the time spent on this crop was spent 

 in harvesting it. 



The oats and wheat both paid in spite of the poor year. 

 The time spent on these was a little high, because they 

 were grown in small fields of about five acres. The farmer 

 has now remedied this trouble by combining fields. These 

 crops were hired cut, so that the hours of labor do not in- 

 clude cutting. 



The loss on the orchard was due to low prices received 

 for the crop on account of overproduction of apples. The 

 cost of $1.48 per barrel is an indication of what would be 

 required to make them pay. It is interesting to notice 

 that the time spent on one acre of orchard is equal to that 

 spent on twelve acres of timothy or on seven acres of al- 

 falfa. 



278. Cattle. The only serious loss was on cattle. 

 This was the second year that they showed a loss on this 

 farm, yet the farmer did not sell them because the account 

 shows the trouble to be things that can be remedied. Part 

 of it is due to high-priced feed, but more is due to other 

 causes. One heifer died and $50 was lost on one pure- 

 bred cow that was condemned for tuberculosis. Five cows 

 were giving milk during the year. The labor on cattle 

 was 1249 man hours. If we ignore the young stock, this 

 was 250 hours per cow. This may be remedied, not by 

 going out of the cow business, but by keeping more cows. 

 It takes as long to go to the pasture for five cows as for 20. 

 By keeping 10 to 15 cows, the man labor can be reduced to 

 about 150-175 hours per cow per year. Four grade heifers 

 were valued at $95 at the beginning of the year and at $165 



