104 WOODWORKING 



to fill holes and level up the surface for the finishing material, 

 which, ordinarily, is varnish. 



Wood -filler is silex mixed with linseed oil, japan and tur- 

 pentine. It should be thinned with turpentine or benzine to the 

 consistency of paste and applied by means of a brush. When 

 it begins to "gray," a sign of its drying, it should be rubbed 

 across the grain with a handful of excelsior, shavings or waste. 

 Before applying shellac, varnish or other finishing material, 

 the filler should dry at least forty-eight hours. Colored fillers 

 are common to produce particular color effects. The white 

 filler may be mixed with dry pigment colors to secure the color 

 desired. In case wood is both stained and filled, the stain 

 should be used first. 



93. Paint is made from white lead and linseed oil. It 

 may be secured in the market prepared ready for use after 

 being thoroly stirred. It may be made by mixing white lead 

 and linseed oil with a coloring material. The surface of wood 

 to be covered with paint should be clean and smooth . Paint 

 is applied with a brush with the grain of the wood. The 

 brush should be run back and forth over the same surface sev- 

 eral times to work the paint into the grain of the wood . Two 

 or three coats are usually necessary to cover the surface prop- 

 erly. Each coat may be sanded carefully when dry before 

 the succeeding coat is applied. Unless a paint has consider- 

 able drier in it, or is a cheap substitute lor white lead and oil, 

 it needs at least three or four days to dry before it can be 

 smoothed with sandpaper, or a second coat of paint can be 

 applied. 



The projects in wood-finishing and painting should be 

 worked in approximately the order given in the "Classifica- 



