PROJECTS IN BLACKSMITHING 207 



it to right angles with the rod over the back edge of the anvil 

 (Fig. 190). 



2) Reheat the same end to lemon color, place on the face of 

 the anvil with bent end upwards and upset by pounding on 

 this upturned end with quick, i i r- 



sharp blows of the hammer. ' * 



Roughly shape to approximate cir- ^ 



cular form by working the cylin- 

 drical surface on the surface of the FlG - 190 ' Upsetting for clevis ' 

 anvil and over its corner. Reheat and continue to upset and 

 shape until thickness of flattened end is approximately 3/8". 



3) Reheat to welding, or white, heat, using extreme care 

 not to burn the iron. Remove the iron from the forge the 



moment it becomes white. Place it quick- 

 ly on the face of the anvil in former posi- 

 tion for upsetting, and strike quickly with 



FIG. 192. Appearance of finished 

 FIG. 191. A flatter. job of upsetting. 



the hammer two or three times. Finish flat surfaces with the 

 flatter (Fig. 191). Turn the iron on edge over the corner of 

 the anvil, and strike quick, sharp blows to form circle. If the 

 iron is at welding heat and the work with the hammer is done 

 quickly, the iron will weld or become a solid mass. Any 

 seams which may have formed in the upsetting process will be 

 obliterated. Fig. 192 shows the finished end. In a similar 

 manner, as described up to this point, forge the other end of 

 the rod. 



