356 LIGHTING AND SANITARY EQUIPMENT 



There are certain essentials in handling a house-plumbing 

 job. The man in charge should be thoroly competent to see 

 that the connections are properly made. A plumbing job 

 that is poorly finished may be a source of a great deal of dan- 

 ger, and should be thoroly inspected. Simplicity in the 

 laying out of piping and fixtures will tend to eliminate plumb- 

 ing troubles. The principles of drainage must be ever in mind 

 when installing a plumbing system. All supply pipes, as well 

 as drains, must be installed so they have an outlet and with a 

 gradual slope toward this outlet. There must be no low 

 points or pockets where water will collect when the system is 

 drained. Such a defect would cause stoppage in drain pipes, 

 and the supply pipes, when exposed, would freeze at these 

 points. Main soil pipe made of 4" pipe should extend 5' from 

 outside of the cellar wall to act as a sewer connection into the 

 house and thru the roof. This pipe should be straight from 

 the cellar to the roof. All fixtures should discharge thru the 

 main soil pipe, and should be provided with traps thoroly 

 ventilated 1 to prevent the escape of sewer gas into the house. 

 In some plumbing jobs, an additional ventilation pipe is car- 

 ried from each trap into a main 2" pipe which is independent 

 of the soil pipe and is also carried thru the roof. This pre- 

 vents leakage of the seal or trap. 



Plumbing materials and fixtures should be of good quality, 

 simple in design, with all joints and connections made air- and 

 w/ater-tight. They should be of entirely non-absorbent ma- 

 terial. 



All plumbing should be as nearly accessible as possible. 

 Removable wooden panels over the soil pipe and other main 

 pipes are worth considering. Fixtures near main drain and 



