188 



WOOD AND FOREST. 



Habitat. 



66 



BED ASH. 



Red, from color of inner bark. 



Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall. Fraxinus pubescens Lambert. 

 63. Engelmann's spruce. 



Fraxinus, from a Greek word (phraxis) meaning split, refers to the 

 cleavability of the wood; pennsylvanica, in honor of the State of Pennsyl- 

 vania; pubescens, refers to down on new leaves and twigs. 



Habitat: (See map); 

 best east of Alleghany 

 mountains. 



Characteristics of the 

 Tree: Height, 40'-60'; di- 

 ameter, 12"-18"; small, 

 slim, upright branches ; 

 bark, brown or ashy, great, 

 shallow, longitudinal fur- 

 rows ; leaves, 10"-12" 

 long, pinnately compound, 

 7 to 9 leaflets, covered 

 with down; fruit, single 

 samara. 



Appearance of Wood: 



Color, light brown, sap- 

 wood lighter and yellow- 

 ish; ring porous; rings, 

 marked by pores ; grain, 

 straight, coarse ; rays, 

 numerous, thin. 



Physical Qualities : 



Weight, medium (28th in 

 this list), 39 Ibs. per cu. 

 ft.; sp. gr., 0.6251; strong 



Leaf. 



