4 FRUIT TREES. 



near Paris, lias invented a liquid mastic that may be 

 used cold. This mastic (the composition of which the 

 inventor reserves the secret) is of the consistency of 

 thin paste, which can be easily applied with a wooden 

 spatula. In the course of a very few days it acquires 

 an extraordinary degree of hardness, and is not 

 affected by either sun or frost ; humidity only hastens 

 its solidification. This material, being sold at a 

 moderate price, is likely to take the place of all other 

 mastics. 



The tree that is operated upon, and which receives 

 the graft, is called the subject or stock; the small 

 branch that is planted upon it is called the graft or 

 scion. 



The different methods of grafting, applicable to fruit 

 trees, may be ranged in the three following groups : 



I. GRAFTING BY APPROACH, OR INARCHING. 



The peculiarity of this description of grafting is that 

 the scion is not separated from the parent stem until 

 after it has become completely united with the stock 

 upon which it has been grafted ; it is commonly per- 

 formed in spring. 



GRAFTING BY ORDINARY APPROACH. This mode of 

 grafting is employed to complete the number of lateral 

 branches in a young tree, where there is no original 

 insertion of either branch or bud, and where an inci- 

 sion would be useless. The part of the stem (fig. 3, A) 

 which is deficient of one of its lateral branches, may be 

 filled up by the aid of the branch B. An incision 



