THE PEAR. 73 



neglected, and grown to a length of twelve or eighteen 

 inches, and are more or less thick. These shoots are 

 called brindilks. If let alone, these may set for fruit ; 

 but as they spring from the summit of the extension, 

 their situation is unfavourable to their development; 

 besides, such long fruit-branches produce confusion in 



Fig. 59. Branch pinched several Times. Fig. 60. Twisted Branch. 



the tree, and should be shortened. They may be 

 broken completely at four inches from their base, at 

 C, fig. 61, if of feeble or medium vigour ; if more 

 vigorous, they may be completely broken eight inches 

 from their base, and partially at four inches (fig. 62). 

 If these branches possess extraordinary vigour, they 

 assume the character of gourmand branches, and may 

 readily be transformed into fruit-branches by placing 

 a Girardin side graft at their base, and cutting the 

 branch off above the graft at the winter pruning. 



E 



