THE PEAR. 103 



is the same as that of the pyramidal trees, the only 

 exception being, that in wall trees, the buds nearest to 

 the wall must not be allowed to grow, but be pinched 

 off as they appear. 



NAILING UP OF WALL TREES. 



Only the wood-branches of pears trained as wall 

 trees, and their shoots, must be nailed to the wall. 



Winter Nailing. The following rules must be ob- 

 served : Train each branch in a perfectly straight 

 line, from the place where it springs from the stem to 

 its farthest extremity. The smallest deviation from the 

 straight line creates an obstacle to the circulation, and 

 branches of excessive vigour will grow out near the 

 curve, and uselessly absorb a great quantity of the sap. 



Place the branches which grow at the same height 

 from the opposite side of the stem in exactly the same 

 line of inclination as their fellow-branches on the other 

 side, otherwise the lower will be less vigorous than the 

 higher ones. If, however, the equilibrium of vegeta- 

 tion has been already broken, it will be necessary to 

 lower the strong branches and raise the more feeble 

 ones. 



The branches which are finally to occupy an oblique 

 or horizontal position must not be forced in that direc- 

 tion at once, but gradually ; if brought into that posi- 

 tion suddenly, the sap will all flow up the stem, and 

 the development of the side branches be almost wholly 

 suspended. The branch E (fig. 89) was first inclined 

 to B, then to C, and the following year to D, and only 



