104 FRUIT TREES. 



when grown to the length of F was it brought to its 

 final position E. The other side branches must all be 

 inclined in the same gradual manner. 



The Summer Nailing. The summer nailing of pear 

 trees relates only to the new shoots growing from the 

 side branches ; these shoots, when they have attained a 

 length of twelve inches, must be nailed to the wall or 

 trellis, in the same direction as the branches upon 

 which they grow. 



In nailing to a trellis, a small straight stick may be 

 employed, fixed at the extremity of each branch, and 

 in a parallel line with it, to conduct and support the 

 young shoot. 



Two methods of fastening branches to the wall may 

 be used ; nailing them with list or fastening to a 

 trellis. 



Fig. 90. Garden Hammer. 



Nailing with List is the most perfect and convenient 

 method. The kind of hammer and a convenient 

 form of nail-basket are shown in figures 90 and 91. 

 If the old lists are used again, it is a good precaution 

 to boil them, in order to destroy the eggs of noxious 



