THE PEAR. 119 



through, the pins K L, and then fixed upon the nail 

 F. It is made tight by means of the tightener (fig. 

 96), fixed below the nail C, as shown in the figure at M. 

 A little oil placed upon the nails B, C, D, E, will 

 facilitate the tightening of the wires by means of the 

 tightener. The same operation being repeated all 

 along the wall, it will then be covered with a series of 

 well- stretched wires, in parallel lines, inclined 45 

 degrees, 12 inches apart from each other. This trellis 

 costs (in France) about 5s. per square yard, not in- 

 cluding fixing. 



TRAINING OF THE PEAR IN VERTICAL CORDON. 



The walls are sometimes of such height, as in the 

 case of gable ends of buildings, that it would be in- 

 convenient to train in oblique cordon. Whenever the 

 wall is higher than 13 feet we recommend the vertical 

 cordon to be employed. 



The method for planting is, in this case, the same as 

 for the oblique cordon, only the trees are planted ver- 

 tically (fig. 106), and 12 inches only apart from each 

 other. The stems must be trained towards the summit 

 of the wall, in the same manner as directed for the 

 oblique cordon. 



If the wall will not allow of the trees being fastened 

 up with nails and list, recourse must be had to a 

 wood trellis, as shown at fig. 107, or a wire one (fig. 

 108), which is much less expensive. 



