88 MORRIS LOEB 



Germans and the backwardness of the English is to be at- 

 tributed to the difference of the educational systems of the 

 two countries, in the large supply of highly educated chemists 

 in Germany, and the smaller supply and want of their employ- 

 ment in England. In a very large degree, the commercial 

 prosperity of the German Empire is dependent upon this 

 supremacy. The German Emperor himself has said this, and 

 it is generally believed in German universities. The Badische 

 Anilin und Soda Fabrik employs more than one hundred 

 men on pure research, and other corporations in proportion, 

 not only for purely chemical work, but for the manufacture 

 of iron and steel, and in other kinds of industry. 



There are two chemical plants in Germany, each as big as 

 the General Electric Company's plant, whose works are so 

 correlated that the waste products of one serve as the valu- 

 able products for the other. From one to two hundred doc- 

 tors of philosophy in chemistry are employed in some of these 

 great establishments. 



The importance of chemistry on the continent of Europe 

 is attested in a remarkable manner by the expenditures of 

 the several governments for the equipment and mainte- 

 nance of the chemical laboratories of their universities and 

 schools of technology. In Berlin, for example, the cost of a 

 laboratory built about twelve years ago for Fischer, was 

 1,316,000 marks, with 64,000 marks more for a connected 

 dwelling-house for the director. There are in Berlin, in ad- 

 dition to this laboratory, laboratories of inorganic chemistry 

 and of physical chemistry for the university, and a fine large 

 chemical laboratory for the technical school. All these labora- 

 tories together probably cost a good deal more than 3,000,000 

 marks. 



Strassburg is a university with about one third as many 

 teachers and students of chemistry as Harvard. The Strass- 



