284 KESTIVENESS ; ITS PREVENTION AND CUBE. 



movement with the line. The rider, therefore, will at 

 first remain nearly passive, avoiding, on the one hand, 

 interfering too much with the reins, and on the other, 

 pressing too closely his legs against the horse's body ; 

 in fact, his seat will be very much like that of the 

 English trainer in the first instance, but by degrees he 

 will take the direction of the horse's movement over 

 from the trainer into his own hands, and with his legs 

 do the duty hitherto performed by the assistant with 

 the whip. For this reason he will then change his seat, 

 bringing his legs well back so as to get a perpendicular 

 tread on the stirrup, and holding them close to the 

 horse's ribs without screwing. A slight increase of 

 pressure of both legs here in this position always has the 

 effect of making the horse bring its hind legs forward 

 under its body, just as the whip does ; and if, at the same 

 time, the horse's head and neck are brought up and back, 

 the relative proportions of weight to be carried by the 

 hind and fore legs can be easily determined by the rider. 

 Let us now suppose the remount so far advanced as 

 to enable us to dispense altogether with the lounge 

 and the whip, and hand it over to the rider alone ; in 

 fact, to be in the stage of its education corresponding to 

 that in which the English trainer takes it out for long 

 rides on straight lines. The school rough-rider, on the 

 contrary, does his work in an enclosed rectangular 

 space," which makes all the difference in the world, 

 because during each circuit of the menage four corners 

 have to be got through that is to say, as many changes 

 of direction made. Let us take the rider, in the first 

 instance, as being on one of the long sides of the rect- 



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The circus, properly so called, is only used for purposes of 

 .bition. 



exhibition 



