130 



THE SECOND BOOK OF BOTANY. 



make the section in the upper part of the bud, where 

 the petals and sepals are most easily seen. Observe, 

 with a magnify ing-glass, the disposition of parts, and 

 compare your examples with the modes of arrange- 

 ment here pictured and named. 



In YALVULAR praefloration there is no overlapping 

 of parts. The edges of the sepals and petals just meet, 

 and the flower is almost always regular (Fig. 273). 



INDUPLICATE is a form of a valvate aestivation, in 

 which the edges are turned slightly inward, or touch 

 by their external face (Fig. 274). 



FIG. 273. 



FIG. 274 



REDUPLICATE is a form of valvate aestivation, in 

 which the edges turn slightly outward, or touch by 

 their internal face (Fig. 275). 



In the CONTORTED arrangement, each leaf overlaps 

 its neighbor, and the parts seem twisted together 

 (Fig. 276). It becomes CONVOLUTE when each sepal 

 or petal wholly covers those within it. 



FIG. 275. 



FIG. 276. 



