WORK AND WASTE. THE BLOOD. 59 



2, What animals have red globules in their blood ? What is their 

 shape in man's blood? What is their shape in bird's blood? What 

 animals have larger red globules in their blood than man ? 



3, 4, How can we distinguish the blood of different animals ? 



5-7. What globules are there, besides the red ones? How nu- 

 merous are they ? What do the red globules do ? What makes the 

 blood red ? Why do we say that rosy cheeks are a sign of health ? 



8. What is the plasma of the blood ? What does it contain ? 



9-12, What is the coagulation of the blood ? Does blood coagu- 

 late in the blood-vessels during life ? What hinders coagulation ? 

 What is the use of coagulation ? How should we treat a bleeding 

 wound ? 



13. How may a fainting-fit be of advantage to a wounded person ? 



14, 15, How much blood is there in the body ? and how much 

 may be lost without a fatal result ? What is transfusion ? 



16-18, Mention causes of impure blood. What is bad air ? How 

 do the causes of impure blood help each other ? 



EXPLANATION OF FIGURE. 



THE figure on the opposite page shows the heart and the great blood- 

 vessels. The arteries are colored red, the veins are colored blue. 



The right auricle and right ventricle of the heart are seen, and the 

 beginning of the pulmonary artery, coming from the right ventricle. 

 Arching from the heart, and passing down the back, is the aorta (red). 

 It divides, at its termination, into the two common iliac arteries. The 

 carotid arteries pass up on the sides of the neck. The subclavian arteries 

 pass off to the right and left, and are continued as the axillary arteries. 

 The venae cava3, ascending and descending, lie by the side of the aorta. 

 The internal jugular vein accompanies the carotid arteries. The external 

 jugular is just outside of the internal. The other veins have the same 

 names as the arteries which they accompany. The intercostal arteries 

 and veins run along the edges of the ribs on each side. The kidneys are 

 seen, one on each side of the aorta. 



