INTELLECTUAL AND MORAL FACULTIES. 127 



creases in volume, by the exercise of its functions. When 

 the mind is properly cultivated, the brain attains its full 

 growth and development ; and where suitable opportunities 

 of education have been enjoyed, the intellectual powers are 

 generally proportioned to the size of this organ. Majendi 

 says, "The volume of the brain is generally in direct pro- 

 portion to the capacity of the mind." This was also be- 

 lieved by the ancient Greeks ; for Jheir statuaries, or workers 

 in marble, made the heads of their Apollo, and other intel- 

 lectual gods and heroes, much larger than the heads of their 

 Hercules, and other heroes, who were remarkable only for 

 their great physical strength.) The heads of idiots are known 

 to be extremely small ; some, indeed, are not more than one- 

 fifth the average size. 



11. That the brain is constructed with evident design, 

 and is composed of a number of curiously wrought parts, all 

 physiologists admit ; yet they have not been able thoroughly 

 to penetrate the intention with which they are formed, or to 

 agree with respect to the particular functions which each 

 part performs. ( It is, however, pretty well ascertained, that 

 the hemispheres of the large brain, or cerebral lobes, are the 

 instruments by which the intellectual operations are carried 

 on ; in other words, are the seats of the faculties of thinking, 

 memory, and the will ; while the central parts, such as the 

 optic lobes, and the medulla oblongata, are principally con- 

 cerned in sensation ; and that the cerebellum, or little brain, 

 is the chief sensorial agent in voluntary motion, and the seat 

 of the animal, or lower propensities} 



12. Many cruel experiments have been made on living 

 animals, to determine the exact functions of particular parts 

 of the brain ; but so much violence is done in these experi- 

 ments, that but little dependence caif be placed on them. 

 Many attempts have been made to determine the exact place 

 in the brain where perception resides, but all such attempts 

 have been fruitless. /*That it is placed in the base of the 

 brain* o r *!::-. medulla oblmgata, is very probable,1as most of 



