ANIMAL HEAT. 309 



honey, threw the refuse into a stable, which was soon filled 

 with bees. 



18. Warm-blooded animals have the faculty of preserv- 

 ing the same degree of heat in nearly every variety of cli- 

 mate. During Captain Parry's voyage to the Arctic seas, 

 in quest of the northwest passage, the crews of his vessels 

 were often exposed to a temperature of fifty degrees below 

 zero, or one hundred and fifty degrees below that of their 

 own bodies, and still they were able to resist it, and escape 

 being frost bitten. When the temperature was thirty-two 

 degrees below zero, they found that of an Arctic fox one 

 hundred and six degrees, which shows what a strong coun- 

 teracting energy there is in animals, against the effects of 

 cold. 



19. The human body can also resist great heat as well as 

 cold. In summer we are often exposed, when in the sun, to 

 a temperature many degrees above that of the body, but the 

 heat of the body is not elevated. Chantry, the sculptor, 

 often entered his furnace when heated for drying his moulds, 

 when the thermometer in it stood at three hundred and 

 twenty ; and his workmen did the same when the tempera- 

 ture was three hundred and forty degrees. Dunglison 

 states that Chabert entered an oven with impunity, the 

 heat of which was from four hundred to six hundred de- 

 grees. In all these cases, where even water was boiled, and 

 meat cooked to a crisp, the heat of the body was raised but 

 a few degrees. 



20. In these cases the heat of the body is kept down to 

 near the natural standard, by exhalation, or sweating. This 

 carries off the heat in a state of vapour as fast as it is pro- 

 duced. For the same reason, water cannot be heated above 

 two hundred and twelve degrees, as it then escapes in the 

 form of vapour. By evaporation, also, bottles of wine are 

 cooled in summer, by wrapping them round with wet 

 cloths. In India, it is said, that ice is produced in a simi- 

 lar manner. If an animal be saturated with moisture, and 



