Vol. III.] 



POTATO FAMILY. 



125 



X- r vr Fruit a capsule ; corolla funnelform. 

 Capsule circumscissile toward the top, which separates as a lid; corolla irregular. 9, 

 Capsule opening' by valves. 



Capsule generally prickly. 10. 



Capsule not prickly. 



Flowers paniculate or racemose; stamens nearly uniform in length. 11. Nicoliana. 



Flowers solitary; stamens very unequal. 12. Petunia. 



Hyoscyamus. 

 Dalura. 



i. PHYSALODES Bpehm. in Ludwig, Def. 42. 1760. 

 [Nicandra Adans. Fam. PI. 2: 219. 1763.] 



An annual erect branching glabrous herb, with alternate petioled thin sinuate-dentate or 

 lobed leaves, and large light blue peduncled nodding flowers, solitary in the axils. Calyx 

 5-parted, 5-angled, inuch inflated in fruit, its segments ovate, connivent, cordate or sagittate 

 at the base, strongly reticulated. Corolla broadly campanulate, plicate in the bud, slightly 

 5-lobed. Stamens 5, included, inserted on the corolla near its base; filaments filiform, di- 

 lated and pilose below; anthers oblong, the sacs longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary 3-5- 

 celled; style slender; stigma 3-5-lobed. Berry globose, nearly dry, enclosed in the calyx. 

 [Greek, Physalis-like.] 



A monotypic Peruvian genus. 



i. Physalodes physalodes (L. ) Brit- 

 ton. Apple-of-Peru. (Fig. 3189.) 



Alropa physalodes L. Sp. PI. 181. 1753. 

 Physalodes Peruvia?ium Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 452. 



1891. 

 P. physalodes Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 287. 1894. 



Stem angled, 2-5 high. Leaves ovate or 



oblong, acuminate but blunt-pointed, narrowed 



at the base, 3 / -S / long, \'-\' wide; petioles 



longer than the peduncles; flowers i / -i}4 / long 

 and broad; corolla-limb almost entire; fruiting 

 calyx i / -i_^ / long and thick, its segments acute 

 at the apex, their basal auricles acute or cuspi- 

 date; berry about % f in diameter, loosely sur- 

 rounded by the calyx. 



In waste places, escaped from gardens, Nova Sco- 

 tia to Ontario, south to Florida. Adventive from 

 Peru. Plant with the aspect of a large Physalis. 

 Leaves similar to those of Strarnonizim. July-Sept. 



2. PHYSALIS L. Sp. PL 182. 1753. 



Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes a little woody below, with entire or sinuately 



toothed leaves. Peduncles slender, in ours solitary from the axils of the leaves. Calyx 



campanulate, 5-toothed, in fruit enlarged and bladdery-inflated, membranous, 5-angled, or 



prominently 10-ribbed and reticulate, wholly inclosing the pulpy berry, its teeth mostly 



connivent. Corolla yellowish or whitish, often with a darker brownish or purplish center, 



open-campanulate, or rarely campanulate-rotate, plicate. Stamens inserted near the base of 



the corolla; anthers oblong, opening by a longitudinal slit. Style slender, somewhat bent; 



stigma minutely 2-cleft. Seeds numerous, kidney-shaped, flattened, with a thin edge, finely 



pitted. [Greek, bladder, referring to the inflated calyx.] 



The number of recognized species is about 50. The actual number is, however, much larger. 

 Two species are of European origin, and about half a dozen are natives of India and Australia, 

 the rest are American; 34 occur in the United States. 



X- Annuals with branched fibrous roots. 

 t Plants more or less pubescent (except P. Barbadensis obscura). 

 Fruiting calyx sharply 5-angled, more or less acuminate at the summit and sunken at the base; 

 calyx-lobes (at flowering time) lanceolate or acuminate, as long as the tube or longer. 

 Leaves ovate, oblique, acute or acuminate, subentire at the base; upper part repand or suben- 



tire; fruiting calyx small and short; stem slender, diffuse, sharply angled. 1. P. pubescens. 

 Leaves cordate, oblique, strongly sinuate to the base; stem stout, obtusely angled; fruiting 



calyx rounded. 2. P. pruinosa. 



Leaves cordate, scarcely oblique, more or less abruptly acuminate, acutely reparid dentate; 

 stem tall, acutely angled; fruiting calyx larger, long-acuminate. 3. P. Barbadensis. 



Fruiting calyx obtusely or indistinctly 5-10-angled; calyx-lobes (at flowering time) triangular, 

 generally shorter than the tube. 4. P. Lagascae. 



f | Plants glabrous, or the upper part sparingly beset with short hairs, or a little puberulent when 



young; fruiting calyx obtusely 5-10-angled, not sunken at the base. 

 Corolla yellow, sometimes with the center a little darker but never brown or purple. 



Peduncles generally much longer than the fruiting calyx; leaves sinuately toothed or subentire. 



5. P. lanceifolia. 

 Peduncles scarcely exceeding the fruiting calyx; leaves sharply dentate. 6. P. angitlata. 



* Text contributed by Mr. P. A. Rydberg. 



