134 



SOLANACEAE. 



[Vol,. III. 



2. Chamaesaracha Coronopus 

 (Dunal) A. Gray. Smoothish Chamae- 

 saracha. (Fig. 3210.) 



Solatium Coronopus Dunal in DC. Prodr. 13: Part 



1, 64. 1852. 

 C. Coronopus A. Gray, Bot. Cal. 1: 540. 1876. 



Branched and diffuse from a perennial base; 

 stem obtusely angled; pubescence on the stem 

 and leaves more or less roughish pruinose or 

 stellate, often scarcely any; on the calyx stellate 

 or sometimes hirsute. Leaves linear or lanceo- 

 late, tapering at the base, more or less sinuately 

 lobed, occasionally subentire, sometimes pin- 

 natifid; calyx-lobes triangular, acute; corolla 

 white or ochroleucous, the appendages of the 

 throat often protuberant; berry 2 - ^ // -4 // in 

 diameter, nearly white. 



In clayey soil, Kansas to Utah, California and 

 Mexico. Variable. May-Sept. 



6. SOLANUM L. Sp. PI. 184. 1753. 

 Herbs or shrubs, often stellate-pubescent, sometimes climbing. Flowers cymose, umbel- 

 liform, paniculate, or racemose, white, blue, purple, or yellow. Calyx campanulate or rotate, 

 mostly 5-toothed or 5-cleft. Corolla rotate, the limb plaited, 5-angled or 5-lobed, the tube 

 very short. Stamens inserted on the throat of the corolla; filaments short; anthers linear or 

 oblong, acute or acuminate, connate or connivent into a cone, the cells dehiscent by a term- 

 inal pore, or sometimes by a short introrse terminal slit, or sometimes also longitudinally. 

 Ovary usually 2-celled; stigma small. Berry mostly globose, the calyx either persistent at 

 its base or enclosing it. [Name, according to Wettstein, from so/amen, quieting.] 



About 900 species, of wide geographic distribution, most abundant in tropical America. Besides 

 the following, some 15 others occur in the southern and western United States. 



X- Glabrous or pubescent herbs, not prickly. 

 Plants green; pubescence simple, or some of it stellate; flowers white. 



Leaves repand or entire; ripe berries black. 



Leaves deeply pinnatifid; ripe berries green. 

 Plant silvery stellate-canescent; flowers violet. 



Jf -X- Stellate-pubescent and prickly herbs. 

 Berry not enclosed by the calyx; perennials. 



Hirsute; leaves ovate or oblong, sinuate or pinnatifid. 



Densely silvery-canescent; leaves linear or oblong, repand or entire. 



Pubescent; leaves ovate, 5-7-lobed. 

 Berry invested by the spiny calyx; annuals. 



Plant densely stellate-pubescent; corolla yellow. 



Plant glandular-pubescent, with few stellate hairs; corolla violet. 



-X- -X- -X- Climbing vine, not prickly; leaves hastate or 3-lobed. 



i. Solanum nigrum L,. Black or Garden 

 Nightshade. Morel. (Fig. 3211.) 



Solanum nigrum L. Sp. PI. 186. 1753. 



Annual, glabrous, or somewhat pubescent with 

 simple hairs, green; stem erect, branched, i-2^ 

 high. Leaves ovate, petioled, more or less inequi- 

 lateral, i / -3 / long, entire, undulate, or dentate, thin, 

 acute, acuminate or acutish at the apex, narrowed 

 or rounded at the base; peduncles lateral, umbel- 

 lately 3-10-flowered, >2 / -i>^ / long; pedicels 3 // ~7 // 

 long; flowers white, 4 // -5 // broad; calyx-lobes ob- 

 long, obtuse, spreading, much shorter than the 

 corolla, persistent at the base of the berry; filaments 

 somewhat pubescent; anthers obtuse; berries black 

 when ripe, smooth and glabrous, globose, 4 // -5 // in 

 diameter, on nodding peduncles. 



In waste places, commonly in cultivated soil, Nova 

 Scotia to the Northwest Territory, south to Florida and 

 Texas. Widely distributed in nearly all countries as a 

 weed. Called also Duscle, Hound's-berry. July-Oct. 



1. 

 2. 

 4- 



.S. nigrum. 



S. trifloriim. 



S. elaeagnifolium. 



3. 5. Carolinense. 



4. 5". elaeagnifolium. 



5. S. Torreyi. 



6. 5". rostratum. 



7. 5". heterodoxum. 



8. 5". Dulcatnara. 



