146 



SCROPHULARIACEAE. 



[Vol. III. 



Flowers yellow, 8"-i5" long. 



Leaves linear; flowers I2"-I5' 



Leaves lanceolate; flowers 8"- 

 Flowers blue to white, 3"-6" long. 



Spur of corolla filiform, curved; native species. 



Spur of corolla short, conic; European adventive species. 



' long; seeds winged. 

 -10" long; seeds wingless. 



1. L. Linaria. 



2. L. genistaefolia. 



3. L. Canadensis. 



4. L. repens. 



i. Linaria Linaria (L.) Karst. Ranstead. 



Butter-and-Eggs. Yellow Toad-Flax. 



(Fig. 3236.) 



Antirrhinum Linaria L. Sp. PI. 616. 1753. 

 Linaria vulgaris Mill. Gard. Diet. Ed. S. no. 1. 1768. 

 Linaria Linaria Karst. Deutsch. Fl. 947. 1880-83. 



Perennial by short rootstocks, pale green and 

 slightly glaucous; stems slender, erect, very leafy, gla- 

 brous, or sparingly glandular-pubescent above, simple 

 or with few erect branches, i-3 high. Leaves linear, 

 sessile, entire, acute at both ends, mostly alternate, 

 % / -iy2 / long, i // -ij^ // wide; flowers densely race- 

 mose, light yellow, \ f -\%' long, the spur of the erect 

 corolla somewhat darker, the palate orange-colored; 

 pedicels 2 // ~4 // long, nearly erect; calyx-segments ob- 

 long, acutish, about i}4 // long; spur subulate, nearly 

 as long as the body of the corolla; middle lobe of the 

 lower lip shorter than the other two; capsule ovoid, 

 the seeds rugose, winged. 



In fields and waste places, Nova Scotia to Manitoba, 

 south to Virginia and Nebraska. Naturalized from Eu- 

 rope. Native also of Asia. June-Oct. Called also Bride- 

 weed, Flaxweed, and Eggs and Bacon. Widely distributed 

 intemperate regions as a weed. 



2. Linaria genistaefolia (L.) Mill. Broom- 

 leaved Toad-Flax. (Fig. 3237.) 



Antirrhinum genistaefolium L. Sp. PI. 616. 1753- 

 Linaria genistaefolia Mill. Gard. Diet. Ed. 8, no. 14. 1768. 



Similar to the preceding species but more glaucous 



and usually paniculately branched; stem rather stout, 



i-3 high; leaves lanceolate, sessile, i / -3>^ / long, 



2 // -6 // wide, acute or acuminate at the apex; flowers 



yellow, loosely racemose, 8 // -io // long; pedicels short; 



spur of the corolla nearly as long as the tube; capsule 



ovoid; seeds wingless. 



Sparingly established on the northern part of New Vork 

 Island; station now nearly or quite obliterated. Natural- 

 ized or adventive from continental Europe. June-Aug. 



3. Linaria Canadensis (L.) Dumont. 

 Blue or Wild Toad-Flax. (Fig. 3238. ) 



Antirrhinum Canadense L. Sp. PI. 618. 1753. 

 Linaria Canadensis~DwxnonX., Bot. Cult. 2: 96. 1802. 

 Biennial or annual, glabrous, green, sometimes 

 flesh}'; flowering stems erect or ascending, very 

 slender, simple, or branched, 4 / -2j4 high, the 

 sterile shoots spreading or procumbent, very 

 leafy. Leaves linear or linear-oblong, \ ,f -\" 

 long, ^ // -i // wide, entire, sessile, those of the 

 sterile shoots, or some of them, usually opposite; 

 flowers 3 // -4 // long, in slender long racemes; 

 pedicels 2 // ~3 // long, erect and appressed in fruit, 

 minutely bracted at the base; calyx-segments 

 lanceolate, acute, or acuminate, about as long as 

 the capsule; spur of the corolla filiform, curved, 

 as long as the tube or longer; palate a white 

 convex 2-ridged projection; capsule opening by 2 

 apical valves, each valve becoming 3-toothed; 

 seeds angled, wingless. 

 In dry soil, Nova Scotia to Florida, west to Minnesota, Oregon, Texas and California. Also in 

 Central and South America. A dwarf form with no corolla'is frequent. May-Sept. 



